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Bioassay guided isolation and characterization of antimicrobial peptides from social and solitary hymenoptera

KrishiKosh

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Title Bioassay guided isolation and characterization of antimicrobial peptides from social and solitary hymenoptera
 
Creator Arati, Pannure
 
Contributor K, Chandrashekara
 
Subject biological phenomena, livestock, diseases, pcr, bacteria, sampling, elisa, animal husbandry, animal population, hides and skins
 
Description Living in an environment teeming with bacteria and fungi, insects have evolved powerful defenses against pathogens, including antimicrobial peptides. Among insects, AMPs derived from venom of Hymenoptera have attracted attention as therapeutic agents. This study explored the potential of bees and wasps as a source of anti-microbial peptides. All bee and wasp species screened in the study exhibited very strong antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli strain (ATCC 12435), a major Gram -ve pathogen resistant to many antibiotics, and Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain (ATCC 12600), a Gram +ve bacteria. Among the species tested, Apis dorsata venom gland extract showed highest antimicrobial activity against both test organisms. Most of fractions isolated from venom using HPLC were active against E. coli. Among all fractions purified from Apis species, melittin was found to be the most potent. Melittin isolated from A. dorsata showed lowest MIC values and Melittin from A. florea followed by A. dorsata showed higher hemolytic activity than from A. cerana and A. mellifera. Apart from melittin, two new fractions, A. d 6 and A. m 6 were found to be very active against S. aureus. Melittin and A. d 6 fraction from A. dorsata induced feeding disorder in 5th instar Bombyx mori. An important finding of this study was the isolation and characterization of novel peptides from A. dorsata and Polistes stigma. A total of six novel peptides were identified along with melittin and apamin from A. dorsata venom. Two new peptides and a novel mastoparan type peptide from venom of P. stigma were also identified. The helical wheel projection of these peptides showed their amphipathic character.
 
Date 2016-05-23T14:47:54Z
2016-05-23T14:47:54Z
2013-12-02
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier Th-10699
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/66228
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru