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RESPONSE OF PIGEONPEA TO PLANT DENSITIES AND SUPPLEMENTAL IRRIGATION THROUGH DRIP

KrishiKosh

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Title RESPONSE OF PIGEONPEA TO PLANT DENSITIES AND SUPPLEMENTAL IRRIGATION THROUGH DRIP
 
Creator SURESH, K
 
Contributor PRAVEEN RAO, V.
 
Subject irrigation, planting, pigeonpeas, developmental stages, yields, crops, sowing, biological development, area, drying
PIGEONPEA, PLANT DENSITIES, IRRIGATION, DRIP
 
Description A field experiment was conducted on a sandy clay soil at Agricultural Research
Station, Basanthpur, Medak district of Andhra Pradesh during the kharif seasons of 2009-
‘10 and 2010-’11 to study the “Response of pigeonpea to plant densities and
supplemental irrigation through drip”.
Three varied plant densities of pigeonpea (D1–55,555 plants ha-1, D2–41,666 plants
ha-1 and D3–33,333 plants ha-1) were tested as 3 main treatments with 4 irrigation levels as
sub treatments involving control (I1 - rainfed), drip irrigation at flowering with 20 mm
depth of water (I2), drip irrigation at pod development with 20 mm depth of water (I3) and
drip irrigation at flowering and pod development with 20 mm depth of water at each stage,
respectively (I4). The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three replications.
Surface drip irrigation system was used in the study and consisted of 16 mm integral
dripper lines laid out on the ground surface along the crop rows with emitters spaced at
0.40 m apart delivering 4 L hr-1. The application rate was adjusted as per the treatments.
Growth parameters viz., plant height, number of branches, LAI and dry matter
production, days to 50% flowering and days to physiological maturity were measured and
analysed for determining CGR, NAR and LAD at periodical intervals. Similarly, yield
attributes viz., pods plant-1, seeds pod-1, test weight, seed yield, stalk yield and harvest
index were measured at harvest. Water studies included daily rainfall and pan evaporation,
rainy events and volume of harvested water, amount of water given as supplemental
irrigation through drip, periodical monitoring of soil moisture, relative water content at 15
day interval, water use efficiency and seasonal crop evapotranspiration. Weather elements
viz., temperature, sunshine hours, wind velocity and day length were also measured during
the crop growing seasons. The data generated on various aspects in this study on response
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of pigeonpea to varying plant densities and irrigation levels were analyzed through
standard statistical methods and logical conclusions were drawn.
Pigeonpea sown at lesser plant density of 33,333 plants ha-1 (D3) recorded
significantly higher growth parameters, yield attributes and seed yield and showed better
water use efficiency. These results implicated that better individual plant performance at
150 cm x 20 cm spacing in D3 increased the seed yield ha-1 as compared to seed yield
under 120 cm x 20 cm in D2 and 90 x 20 cm spacing in D1 as the favourable effect of
increased population per unit area in closer spacing was not enough to compensate the
yield reduction.
Application of two irrigations of 20 mm depth each at flowering and pod
development stages in I4 treatment registered higher growth parameters, yield attributes
and seed yield over I1, I2 and I3 signifying the importance of supplemental irrigation at
critical crop growth stages. Under water scarce conditions, supplemental irrigation at pod
development stage is beneficial rather than at flowering stage.
Under different plant densities and irrigation levels tested the seasonal ETc varied
between 350.2 to 350.4 mm ha-1 and 330.4 to 370.7 mm ha-1 respectively.
The yield advantage obtained on irrigating the crop once at flowering stage did not
compensate the cost incurred for installation of the drip system. This emphasizes that
under limited water availability, it would be economical to provide supplemental irrigation
at pod development stage rather than at flowering period. Higher BCR and WUE in I4
signifies the need for application of supplemental irrigation at moisture sensitive stages of
flowering and pod development stages for obtaining higher economical returns.
 
Date 2016-06-08T13:20:53Z
2016-06-08T13:20:53Z
2012
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/67008
 
Language en
 
Relation ;D9259
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher ACHARYA N. G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY