Preparation and Characterization of Enrofloxacin Nanoparticles and its Pharmacokinetics in Domestic Emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae)
KrishiKosh
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Title |
Preparation and Characterization of Enrofloxacin Nanoparticles and its Pharmacokinetics in Domestic Emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae)
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Creator |
Senthilkumar, P.
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Contributor |
Arivuchelvan, A.
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Description |
The study was conducted to formulate the enrofloxacin solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) with sustained release profile and improved pharmacological activity and evaluate the pharmacokinetic behaviour of native and enrofloxacin SLN after different routes of administration in emus. The SLN were prepared using tripalmitin as lipid carrier, tween 80 and span 80 as surfactants and poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) as a stabilizer by a hot homogenization coupled with ultrasonication method. The influence of factors such as concentration of lipid carrier, composition and concentration of surfactant on the particle size were investigated to optimize the formulations. The optimized SLN formulations were utilized to entrap 0.1% enrofloxacin and characterized for particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential (using dynamic light scattering), shape (using atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy), drug encapsulation efficiency (using by dialysis and ultracentrifugation methods), and in vitro drug release (using by dialysis). The prepared SLN were analyzed by FT-IR spectroscopy to confirm the cross-linking reaction between drug, lipid and surfactants. Pharmacokinetics of native enrofloxacin was studied after intravenous bolus, oral bolus and in-water (pulse dosing) routes of administration at 10mg/kg in healthy emus aged between 18 to 24 month and it was compared with disposition kinetics of enrofloxacin SLN. Blood samples were collected at predetermined time intervals. Enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in plasma were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Plasma concentrations versus time were analysed by a noncompartmental analysis. The results demonstrated that the particle size, polydispersivity index, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of the SLN were 154.72± 6.11nm, 0.42±0.11, -28.83±0.60mV, 59.66±3.22% and 6.13±0.32%, respectively. TEM and AFM images showed spherical to circular particles with well defined periphery. In vitro drug release exhibited biphasic pattern with an initial burst release of 18% within 2h followed by sustained release over 96h. FT-IR study suggested that during the process of formulations, lipid and surfactants have not reacted with the drug to give rise to reactant products and it was only physical mixture. For intravenous bolus, oral bolus and pulse dose of administration, elimination halflife (t1/2β) was 4.364±0.179h, 4.125±0.361h and 4.066±0.295h, respectively; AUC0-∞ was 20.085±3.493μg.h/mL, 0.056±1.436μg.h/mL and 4.807±1.766μg.h/mL, respectively; mean residence time (MRT) was 5.105±0.216h, 6.616±0.475h and 6.942±0.572h, respectively; volume of distribution (Vdarea/F) was 3.921±1.005L/kg, 3.881±0.234L/kg and 4.177±0.275L/kg, respectively and total body clearance (CLB/F) was 0.629±0.164 L/h.kg, 0.646±0.052L/h.kg and 0.713±0.064L/h.kg , respectively. Mean absolute bioavailability for enrofloxacin after oral bolus and pulse dose routes of administration was 79.941±7.147% and 73.723±8.792%, respectively. In the present study, the plasma concentration of metabolite ciprofloxacin was not consistent in emus Comparison of the mean pharmacokinetic parameters between the routes of administration of native enrofloxacin revealed significant (p |
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Date |
2016-08-03T09:43:25Z
2016-08-03T09:43:25Z 2014 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/70655
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Language |
en
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Format |
application/pdf
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Publisher |
Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University
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