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A study on knowledge of climatic change on pulse crop in Jabalpur block of Jabalpur district (M.P.)

KrishiKosh

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Title A study on knowledge of climatic change on pulse crop in Jabalpur block of Jabalpur district (M.P.)
 
Creator Minj, Priti
 
Contributor Agrawal, S.K.
 
Subject grain legumes, crops, climate, climatic change, marketing, yields, productivity, biological phenomena, precipitation, sowing
EXTENSION EDUCATION
 
Description ABSTRACT
Pulses in India have long been considered as the poor man’s only source of protein as they are a low cost substitute for vegetables in periods of high prices of vegetables. India is the largest producer and consumer of pulses in the world. However, pulses production has been stagnant at between 11 and 14 million tonnes over the last two decades.
In India, major pulses like chickpea, lentil and pigeonpea account for

39, 10 and 21% of the total pulse production in the country (Anonymous

2009). The changing climatic conditions have a major impact on pulses (Basu et al. 2009). Pulses are reported to be particularly sensitive to heat stress at the bloom stage; only a few days exposure of high temperature (30-35ºC) can cause heavy yield losses through flower drop or pod damage (Siddique et al. 1999).
The climatic parameters like rainfall and temperature are the major determinants of pulse productivity besides other factors like quality seed availability and associated biotic stresses.
It is practically self-evident that deliberate efforts needed to cope up changing climate, to sustain life for coming generations apart from increasing and sustaining agricultural yields. An integrated interdisciplinary approach like (i) Replacement of cereal crops in the prevailing rice-wheat cropping systems with high yield varieties of pulses. (ii) Using short duration varieties of pulses as catch crop. (iii) Development of multiple disease and pest resistant varieties. (iv) Reducing storage loses and improving market information and infrastructure. (v) Developing
high nitrogen fixing varieties and (vi) Coordination of research, extension and farmers to encourage farmer’s participatory research. The present study was conducted with the following objectives:
1. To study the profile of pulse growers.

2. To study the knowledge among pulse growers under climate change scenario.
3. To know the problems faced by the pulse growers due to climate change.
4. To study the losses in pulse crop due to climate change.

5. To record the opinions and suggestions of the pulse growers as feedback.

In order to achieve these objectives the investigation was conducted in Jabalpur district of Madhya Pradesh. The district comprises of 7 blocks out of which a block namely Jabalpur was selected. 5 villages i.e Banderkola, Narrie, Rajaram dungaria, Kailvas and Tikaria were selected randomly and considered for study on the basis of larger area coverage under pulse cultivation. Total 110 pulse growers were selected by using proportionate random sampling method.

The data were collected through a well-structured and pre-tested interview schedule, which was prepared on the basis of objectives of the study. The collected data were analyzed in frequency, percentage, rank etc.

I. Profile of pulse growers :

Most of the pulse growers belonged to middle age group and acquired education upto middle school with a low annual income. Maximum of them were found to belong to the group of small farmers, found to be practicing rabi farming (pulse) in an area upto 1 ha.

It was found that maximum respondents had pumpsets along with other farm power and implements. Regarding experience of the pulse cultivation it was revealed that maximum number of pulse growers had an experience of
21 to 30 years.

Among different technological components the knowledge and adoption level of pulse growers about improved pulse production technology was found to be high, with a high economic motivation and high scientific orientation. Whereas they were found to have a medium score for the use of information sources and extension participation.

II. Knowledge among pulse growers under climate change scenario

All the pulse growers were having a good knowledge of the climate change as the monsoon was now irregular and became late, for which the pulse growers were trying to adapt by using the irrigation facilities they have. They are well aware of the increase in the occurrence of the disease and infestation of insect-pest in their field due to climate change which was mainly due to cloudy weather and rainfall. Major factors responsible for the adverse effects in agriculture production were rainfall, temperature and humidity. Majority of the farmers identified May and January as the hottest and coldest month whereas August for maximum rainfall.

It was found that the rainfall had been decreasing whereas the summer, winter temperature and frost had been increasing since last 3 years. To prevent the loss farmers had already replaced their crops or were planning to do so.

III. Problems faced by the pulse growers due to climate change

Loss in the yield due to frost, rain, hailstorm etc, more weed growth in the field, more vegetative growth, increase in flower drop due to the erratic rainfall and frost, occurrence of more of the insect-pest & disease in the field basically all the problems lead to the less or no seed formation, being the reason for the less yield or no yield at all.

IV. Losses in pulse crop due to climate change
The major losses were the loss in yield due to the frost and erratic rains because of which the water enters the seed and pods resulting in the bad quality yield, which is not good for storage or sale. It was reported that since last few years the standing crop was fully destroyed or gave bare minimum yield with no profit.
V. Opinions and suggestions of the pulse growers as feedback
The pulse growers stated that the yield obtained was of bad quality, very low or not at all, giving very less income or no profit, the seed and pods get filled with water resulting in change in colour of seed making it impossible for storage and mostly the crop taken becomes late.

Due to increased occurrences of extreme weather events the farmers have faced huge losses in the pulse crop, hence they suggested that government should provide compensation and free seed for next season, Scientists should develop certain techniques and varieties efficient to deal with the climate change, training should be given by the extension officials, and there should be crop insurance particularly for the pulse crop.
 
Date 2016-06-23T10:47:59Z
2016-06-23T10:47:59Z
2015
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/67815
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher JNKVV