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STUDIES ON DENSIFICATION OF BIOMASS IN BRIQUETTING PLANT FOR FUEL

KrishiKosh

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Title STUDIES ON DENSIFICATION OF BIOMASS IN BRIQUETTING PLANT FOR FUEL
 
Contributor Indra Mani
 
Subject livestock, biological phenomena, phospholipids, body weight, research methods, fats, organic compounds, feed consumption, emulsifiers, absorption
 
Description t-8036
Agricultural residues form a major component of renewable energy sources,
which can be conveniently used after briquetting as an efficient energy source.
Biomass has the potential to meet the additional energy demands of rural as well as
urban and industrial sectors; thereby making a significant contribution to the
economic advancement of developing countries like India of whose annual biomass
production from agricultural crop residues is 539.48 million tonnes. Direct burning
of agricultural residues is very inefficient (5% efficiency) energy conversion process
causing environmental pollution and also there are problems in management of crop
residues. The management of agricultural residues like its transportation, storage,
and handling is very difficult, owing to its very low density of about 60-180 kg/m3
.
Therefore, efforts had been made for efficient utilization of biomass through
improved technologies like briquetting which improves the volumetric calorific
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value up to 500-1500 kcal/kg, helps reducing volume by 8-10 times by increasing
density to about 1000-1200 kg/m3
. The present study was conducted to evaluate the
effect of biomass, binders and die pressure on physical, transportation and burning
characteristics of briquettes. Briquetting Utility Index was developed to classify the
different briquette combinations into low, medium and high quality. The effect of
storage period on physical and burning properties of briquettes was also studied.
Three biomass materials i.e. mustard stalk, mixed waste and wood waste
along with three organic binding materials e.g. molasses, press mud and distillers
dry grain with varying concentration of 5, 10, 15 and 20% were used randomly for
preparation of briquettes at die pressures of 123.42 MPa, 117.68 MPa and 112.34
MPa. The influence of die pressure, biomass materials, binder and their
concentrations as well as storage time on physical and burning characteristics and
transportability of briquettes was investigated. Data was collected on moisture
content, bulk density, compression ratio, compressive strength, tumbling resistance,
resistance to water penetration, shattering resistance, calorific values, ash content
and energy gained of briquettes and performance parameters(sun indices) like
Physical Index, Transportation Index, Thermal Index were evaluated. Data was
analysed using factorial Randomised Block Design (RBD) with four factors, die
pressure, raw materials, binders and their concentration levels with the help of
statistical PROGRAM SAS. The effect of storage period on physical, transportation
and thermal properties was also studied along with energy balance and economic
analysis of briquettes. Development of a composite index i.e. Briquette Utility Index
from above sub indices helped to recommending appropriate briquette constituents
and binding materials for best quality briquettes in terms of physical, transportation
and thermal properties. The moisture content, size, shape, and distribution of
different size biomass materials in the sample affected the density, heating value and
stability of biomass briquettes. Press mud was found a better binding agent followed
by distillers dry grain and molasses. Among biomass materials mustard stalk
briquettes were found better followed by mixed waste and wood waste briquettes for
die pressure of 123.42 MPa, 117.68 MPa and 112.34 MPa with corresponding die
sizes of 41.5, 42.5 and 43.5 mm, respectively in terms of physical transportation and
storage properties. The briquettes made from wood waste were found best followed
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by mustard stalk and mixed waste at hi
 
Date 2017-01-04T11:42:34Z
2017-01-04T11:42:34Z
2009
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/94350
 
Format application/pdf