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PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF TOLERANCE TO DROUGHT IN CHICKPEA (Cicer arietinum L.)

KrishiKosh

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Title PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF TOLERANCE TO DROUGHT IN CHICKPEA (Cicer arietinum L.)
 
Creator VIJAYAKUMAR, G
 
Contributor LAKSHMINARAYANA REDDY, G
 
Subject fungi, diseases, biological development, developmental stages, maize, biological phenomena, planting, fungicides, inorganic acid salts, yields
CHICKPEA (Cicer arietinum L.)
 
Description The present investigation entitled “Physiological basis of tolerance to drought
in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)” was undertaken at the Agricultural College Farm,
Bapatla during the two consecutive seasons of rabi 2008-09 (season I) and rabi 2009-
2010 (season II). The experiment was laid out in split plot design with nine treatments
replicated four times.
The experiment consist of three main plots i.e., water
stress levels viz., M0 (No stress i.e., irrigated at vegetative stage, 20 DAS and at pod
filling stage, 55 DAS), M1 (water stress from vegetative stage i.e., unirrigated) and M2
(water stress from flowering stage i.e., irrigated only at vegetative stage, 20 DAS) and
each main plot consisting of three subplots i.e., foliar sprays at 40 DAS viz., S0 (No
spray), S1 (Kinetin spray @ 5ppm) and S2 (Homobrassinolide spray @ 1ppm).
The results indicated that no stress and stress from flowering stage (irrigated
plants) were on par with each other, recorded more seedling vigour index (25.9%)
over stress from vegetative stage (unirrigated).
Among morphological parameters, plant height, number of productive
branches, root length, root volume, root shoot ratio, number and dry weight of nodules
were significantly influenced by stress treatments and foliar sprays of kinetin @ 5ppm
and homobrassinolide @ 1ppm.
No stress (irrigated at two times) recorded higher values of plant height
(39.0%) and number of productive branches per plant (11.2%) over the stress from
vegetative stage (unirrigated).
No stress with homobrassinolide spray recorded
maximum plant height (15.2%) and maximum number of productive branches per
plant (7.9%) over the control. Stress from vegetative stage with no spray recorded
maximum root length and it was 25.5 per cent more over the control followed by
stress from vegetative stage with homobrassinolide spray. Stress from vegetative
stage with homobrassinolide spray recorded maximum root volume (19.2%) and root
to shoot ratio (13.5%) over the control.
There was an increase in both number and dry weight of nodules in case of
homobrassinolide spray; whereas it was only marginal increase of dry weight in case
of kinetin spray. However, unstressed plants with homobrassinolide spray recorded
maximum number and dry weight of nodules and it was on par with unstressed plants
with kinetin spray.
With respect to physiological parameters, plants not subjected to stress
recorded an increase in relative growth rate (17.5%), net assimilation rate (39.1%) and
leaf moisture retention index (17.2%) over water stress from vegetative stage. No
stress with homobrassinolide spray recorded maximum relative growth rate, net
assimilation rate and leaf moisture retention index and it was on par with no stress
with kinetin spray.
The plants not exposed to water stress accomplished more leaf area (26.1%),
leaf area duration (29.6%) and specific leaf area (23.1%) over stress from vegetative
stage. The unstressed plants with kinetin spray recorded maximum values of leaf area
duration and specific leaf area followed by no stress with homobrassinolide spray
indicating reduced leaf enlargement under stress consequently decreased leaf area.
Amongst biochemical parameters, water stress from vegetative stage recorded
more proline content (54.0%), more superoxide dismutase activity (98.2%) and
catalase activity (43.5%) over no stress and it was further enhanced by the foliar spray
of homobrassinolide. Water stress from vegetative stage with homobrassinolide spray
recorded increased proline content, superoxide dismutase activity and catalase activity
114.8%, 166.4% and 179.7% respectively, over the control, followed by water stress
from vegetative stage with kinetin spray.
No water stress recorded significantly higher SCMR (31.9%) over water stress
from vegetative stage and was on par with water stress from flowering stage. No
stress with homobrassinolide spray recorded the higher values for SCMR.
Stress
from vegetative stage recorded significantly higher membrane injury index over no
stress. Water stress from vegetative stage with no spray recorded the higher membrane
injury index i.e., 29.1% over the control i.e., no stress with no spray.
Stress from vegetative stage recorded significantly higher nitrogen harvest
index (30.4%) over no water stress and water stress from flowering stage. Among
foliar sprays, no spray resulted higher nitrogen harvest index (27.2%) over
homobrassinolide spray @ 1ppm and it was on par with kinetin spray @ 5ppm.
In case of seed yield, no water stress (irrigated at two times) recorded
significantly higher seed yield (31.9%) over water stress from vegetative stage
(unirrigated). Among foliar sprays, spray with homobrassinolide @ 1ppm resulted
higher seed yield (20.9%) over no spray and it was on par with kinetin spray @ 5ppm.
Seed yield has significant positive correlation with primary branches, specific
leaf area, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate, SCMR and harvest index and
significant negative correlation with membrane injury index.
Hence, it can be concluded that homobrassinolide spray @1ppm would
provides better, dry matter partitioning, biochemical regulation and ultimately produce
potential seed yield under water stress (drought) conditions in chickpea particularly at
coastal regions of Andhra Pradesh.
 
Date 2016-06-03T14:30:15Z
2016-06-03T14:30:15Z
2011
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/66725
 
Language en
 
Relation D9031;
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher ACHARYA N. G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY