ISOLATION AND BIOASSAY OF TOXIN PRODUCED BY Alternaria helianthi (HANSF.) TUBAKI AND NISHIHARA AND SCREENING OF SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) GERMPLASM FOR RESISTANCE
KrishiKosh
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Title |
ISOLATION AND BIOASSAY OF TOXIN PRODUCED BY Alternaria helianthi (HANSF.) TUBAKI AND NISHIHARA AND SCREENING OF SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) GERMPLASM FOR RESISTANCE
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Creator |
KALAMESH, S. BASARIGID
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Contributor |
KARUNA, K
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Subject |
diseases, fungi, toxins, biological phenomena, planting, concentrates, biological development, polysaccharides, irrigation, glucose
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Description |
Sunflower is an important oilseed crop of India. The crop is known to suffer from many diseases among which Alternaria leaf blight is one of the most important disease. Alternaria helianthi was isolated from the leaf samples collected during kharif. In cultural studies potato dextrose agar (82.80 mm) was found to be best for growth of fungus and potato dextrose broth yielded maximum dry mycelial weight (282.79 mg). The toxin produced by Alternaria helianthi in potato dextrose broth was purified and based on its carbohydrate and protein content the toxin was identified as glycoprotein. Toxin at 100ppm concentration didn’t affect seed germination while toxin concentration of 200 ppm to 3000 ppm affected seed germination. At 3000 ppm seed germination was 24.66 per cent. Minimum length of sunflower shoot (2.53 mm) and root length (2.15 mm) was observed at 3000 ppm. Sunflower seedlings placed in 100 ppm toxin showed curling of leaves and wilting after 24 hr. Whereas at 3000 ppm seedlings showed curling of leaves in 5 h and wilted within 12 hr. In detached leaf assay 100 ppm toxin didn’t produce any symptom. However, at concentrations of 500, 1000, 2000 and 3000 ppm the toxin produced typical necrotic spots without yellow halo on sunflower leaves. No symptoms were observed when the plants were sprayed with 100 ppm concentration. Screening of hundred germplasm lines and fifty-nine coordinated trial entries of sunflower genotypes against Alternaria helianthi under natural field conditions revealed that, one coordinated trial entry (IHT 832) of sunflower showed resistant reaction. Whereas forty-six coordinated entries showed moderately resistant reaction and seventy-eight germplasm lines of sunflower were moderately susceptible to Alternaria leaf spot disease. |
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Date |
2016-12-15T12:45:07Z
2016-12-15T12:45:07Z 2011-08-24 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
Th-10082
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/90295 |
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Language |
en
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Format |
application/pdf
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Publisher |
University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore
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