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ISOLATION AND BIOASSAY OF TOXIN PRODUCED BY Alternaria helianthi (HANSF.) TUBAKI AND NISHIHARA AND SCREENING OF SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) GERMPLASM FOR RESISTANCE

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Title ISOLATION AND BIOASSAY OF TOXIN PRODUCED BY Alternaria helianthi (HANSF.) TUBAKI AND NISHIHARA AND SCREENING OF SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) GERMPLASM FOR RESISTANCE
 
Creator KALAMESH, S. BASARIGID
 
Contributor KARUNA, K
 
Subject diseases, fungi, toxins, biological phenomena, planting, concentrates, biological development, polysaccharides, irrigation, glucose
 
Description Sunflower is an important oilseed crop of India. The crop is known to
suffer from many diseases among which Alternaria leaf blight is one of the most
important disease. Alternaria helianthi was isolated from the leaf samples
collected during kharif. In cultural studies potato dextrose agar (82.80 mm) was
found to be best for growth of fungus and potato dextrose broth yielded
maximum dry mycelial weight (282.79 mg). The toxin produced by Alternaria
helianthi in potato dextrose broth was purified and based on its carbohydrate
and protein content the toxin was identified as glycoprotein. Toxin at 100ppm
concentration didn’t affect seed germination while toxin concentration of 200
ppm to 3000 ppm affected seed germination. At 3000 ppm seed germination
was 24.66 per cent. Minimum length of sunflower shoot (2.53 mm) and root
length (2.15 mm) was observed at 3000 ppm. Sunflower seedlings placed in 100
ppm toxin showed curling of leaves and wilting after 24 hr. Whereas at 3000
ppm seedlings showed curling of leaves in 5 h and wilted within 12 hr. In
detached leaf assay 100 ppm toxin didn’t produce any symptom. However, at
concentrations of 500, 1000, 2000 and 3000 ppm the toxin produced typical
necrotic spots without yellow halo on sunflower leaves. No symptoms were
observed when the plants were sprayed with 100 ppm concentration. Screening
of hundred germplasm lines and fifty-nine coordinated trial entries of sunflower
genotypes against Alternaria helianthi under natural field conditions revealed
that, one coordinated trial entry (IHT 832) of sunflower showed resistant
reaction. Whereas forty-six coordinated entries showed moderately resistant
reaction and seventy-eight germplasm lines of sunflower were moderately
susceptible to Alternaria leaf spot disease.
 
Date 2016-12-15T12:45:07Z
2016-12-15T12:45:07Z
2011-08-24
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier Th-10082
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/90295
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore