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EVALUATION OF LANDRACES OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.) FOR IRON, ZINC AND PROTEIN

KrishiKosh

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Title EVALUATION OF LANDRACES OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.) FOR IRON, ZINC AND PROTEIN
 
Creator NIROSHA RAYALA
 
Contributor THIPPESWAMY, S
 
Subject EVALUATION, LANDRACES, RICE, IRON, ZINC , PROTEIN
 
Description In the present investigation, eighty five landraces of rice were evaluated to study the genetic diversity among them for selection of the diverse parents, to estimate the genetic parameters among the genotypes for yield and nutritional traits, and the extent of association between the yield and its component characters including the direct and indirect effects. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with two replications during kharif 2014 at Indian Institute of Rice Research (formally Directorate of Rice Research), Ramachandrapuram Farm, ICRISAT, Hyderabad.
Analysis of variance indicated the existence of significant genotypic differences among the genotypes for the yield, its components and grain quality traits. High GCV and PCV values were observed for grain yield per plant followed by number of grains per panicle, number of productive tillers per plant and days to fifty per cent flowering, 1000-grain weight, grain iron concentration.
High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for grain yield per plant, number of grains per panicle, days to fifty per cent flowering, grain zinc concentration, grain iron concentration and 1000-grain weight, which indicated that these traits were controlled by additive type of gene action. The remaining traits were mostly under the influence of non-additive gene effects as they recorded low to moderate estimates of genetic advance.
Based on the relative magnitude of D2 values, the genotypes were grouped into six clusters. Out of six clusters Cluster I was the largest one comprising of forty three landraces followed by cluster IV with sixteen landraces, cluster III with fourteen landraces, cluster II with ten landraces, cluster V and VI were monogenotypic clusters.
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Based on the inter cluster distances, out of ten characters studied, five characters namely number of filled grains per panicle, grain zinc concentration, days to 50 per cent flowering, plant height and protein content contributed 97.23% towards total divergence. Therefore, these characters should be given importance during hybridization and selection of segregating populations.
Maximum inter cluster distance was exhibited between clusters II and VI (100.30) followed by cluster IV and VI (78.61), cluster I and VI (77.77), cluster III and IV (77.45), cluster II and V (73.74), cluster III and VI (68.76), cluster IV and V (68.55).
The data on character means for six clusters indicated that, the cluster V has the highest mean value for panicle length, number of tillers per plant, 1000 grain weight and plant height. Cluster III for grain yield per plant is higher and cluster VI is higher for grain iron concentration and protein percentage. Such clusters having high mean values may be directly used for adaptation or may be used as parents in future hybridization programme.
The maximum contribution towards genetic divergence was observed in number of grains per panicle (42.91%), followed by grain zinc concentration (24.71%), days to 50% flowering (13.00%), grain protein content (8.99%), plant height (7.62%), grain iron concentration (2.04%), 1000 grain weight (0.53%), grain yield per plant (0.20%), and low divergence for number of tillers per plant and panicle length. Therefore, these diverse landraces useful in selection of parents during hybridization program.
Character association studies revealed that six characters (days to 50 per cent flowering, plant height, panicle length, number of tillers per plant, number of grains per panicle and 1000 grain weight) showed significant positive association with grain yield per plant. This indicated that simultaneous selection of all these characters is important for yield improvement.
A critical analysis of the results by path analysis revealed that 1000 grain weight exerted highest positive direct effect on grain yield followed by number of grains per panicle, days to 50 per cent flowering and plant height. Hence, these traits must be considered as important attributes in formulating selection criteria for achieving desired targets in future breeding programmes.
 
Date 2016-12-27T11:35:34Z
2016-12-27T11:35:34Z
2015
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/93136
 
Language en
 
Relation D9898;
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher PROFESSOR JAYASHANKAR TELANGANA STATE AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY