SOCIAL NETWORKING OF SELF HELP GROUPS IN TRIBAL VILLAGES OF SRIKAKULAM DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH- A CRITICAL ANALYSIS
KrishiKosh
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Title |
SOCIAL NETWORKING OF SELF HELP GROUPS IN TRIBAL VILLAGES OF SRIKAKULAM DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH- A CRITICAL ANALYSIS
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Creator |
DEBORAH MESSIANA, N
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Contributor |
JAMUNA RANI, B
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Subject |
economic systems, participation, marketing, biological phenomena, savings, economics, manpower, group communication, self help, area
SOCIAL NETWORKING, TRIBAL VILLAGES, SRIKAKULAM DISTRICT, ANDHRA PRADESH |
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Description |
The sample of the study was dominated by the Jatapus, Savaras Gadaba tribal communities and this was so due to predominant presence of these communities in the study area. The participation in Self Help Groups and Federations was mostly limited to either younger age group of ‘21-30 years’’ and 31 - 40 years’ and this indicates that the Self Help Groups in operation in the study area had been in nascent stage of its progress to strike at formidable understanding among the members. Though illiteracy was high among the selected Self Help Groups members yet there had been remarkable presence of members who had education up to Primary level. This indicates a steady progress of education among tribal women. Perhaps this might be one of the reason for preparing right social atmosphere for formation of Self Help Groups in the study area. Most of the members selected for the study were married, however, the average family size was more than six members per family and this indicates larger size of family. Agriculture was dominating occupation and this was in tune with the tribal community’s usual occupation profile. Similarly, Non Timber Forest Produce was also emerged as second most preferred occupation and this observation too was in tune with tribal economy. This was further established through the fact that the land-holding pattern was very minimal among them. To sum up the findings, it was observed that the women SHG members selected for the study were not having appropriate social and economic platform to forge social networking among them though it was beneficial to them. The networking was largely confined to village level and religious issues. The networking in reference to social and economic issues on a larger scale was mear absent. This was predominantly due to mind-set of members as observed from the data analyzed. Inability to express their opinion, lack of patronization, lack of promotion of institutional mechanism and scores of personality traits were responsible for this phenomenon. Among these issues, the low level of literacy and the very remote location of villages were found to be stumbling blocks as well. Though a tribal women had better social status yet her voice in terms of economic issues were very much negligible. As a result, the efforts of social networking had been performing at low level. Most of the tribal women could not able to express their opinion on a stronger platform due to various social and economic issues. The very issue of lack of recognition to social activism and leadership were considered as two principal stumbling blocks in forging networking of Self Help Groups in the study area. The respondents who were drawn from the remote villages had clearly performed much lower in expressing their personality traits when compared to members drawn from plain or road-side villages. Thus, the connectivity appears to be also emerging as important issues in forging realization of personality traits in view of the better outreach facilities available. Similarly, respondents drawn from villages where NGOs and other social activism efforts were more, there had been marked change in the personality traits realization among the members. It was also found that the social networking may provide panacea for the members selected for the study yet it could not able to take place in view of the dragging social and economic issues. In view of their subsistence level of economy and clubbed with their low level of literacy and the consequent lack of awareness, the members were not in a position to utilize the opportunities of social networking. Though there had been strong recognition for the utility of social networking, scores of external factors were acting quite against the phenomenon of social networking. Where there were dedicated services from the institution like NGOs and Social Activists, there were traces of strong social networking and realization of benefits from the emerging relationship. Age should be considered as one of the important variable while planning and implementing developmental programs for institutionalization and capacity building programs of tribal women. Focus should be given for improving their psychological traits like risk orientation, self confidence, decision making, conflict management, through planning different extension activities like awareness programs, trainings, focused group discussions etc. Marketing facilities for collection, gathering, grading, processing, storing, and other value addition of forest produce should be created for the cluster of villages at VO or MMS level. The GO’s and NGO’s should involve in strengthening of groups, create awareness among the women about health and nutrition through encouraging them to follow good health practices, raising nutritional garden by supplying seeds, encourage backyard poultry by supplying birds, strengthening of anganwadies, PHCs, for the welfare of tribal community as a whole. The government should focus on improving social, economic and political empowerment indices of tribal population. The social empowerment index can be enhanced by improving their status in health, education and other life skills. The tribal sectors should be infused with required information and increased awareness levels. The government should conduct interventions negotiations and bargaining skills and organizational capacities. The economic empowerment index can be improved by enhancing economic entitlements and capabilities and by promoting equitable access to opportunities financial resources material assets and micro projects. The political empowerment index can be enhanced by providing them the voice to participate in local governance through reservations which intern would influence over public politics. It further refers to increasing the capacity of individuals or groups to access information, form associations and participate in the political life of a community. Longitudinal studies on the social net working of SHG members can be conducted by interview method and psychological assessment of data, behavioral observation of actual group meetings, participant observation of organizations or groups which provide a rich data base to describe the changes among members. Future research studies on social net working may be taken up by qualitative approaches such as in depth- case histories, investigating reports and participant observations. |
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Date |
2016-06-08T12:29:31Z
2016-06-08T12:29:31Z 2012 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/67004
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Language |
en
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Relation |
;D9255
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Format |
application/pdf
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Publisher |
ACHARYA N. G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
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