Record Details

STUDIES ON FRUIT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT AND STANDARDIZATION OF MATURITY INDICES IN DIFFERENT SAPOTA (Manilkara achras (Mill.) Fosberg) CULTIVARS

KrishiKosh

View Archive Info
 
 
Field Value
 
Title STUDIES ON FRUIT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT AND STANDARDIZATION OF MATURITY INDICES IN DIFFERENT SAPOTA (Manilkara achras (Mill.) Fosberg) CULTIVARS
 
Creator G. RADHA
 
Contributor Dr.M.RAJASEKHAR
 
Subject physical and biochemical changes,Fruit length, width, weight, pulp weight, volume
 
Description The present investigation entitled “Studies on fruit growth and development and standardization of maturity indices in different sapota (Manilkara achras (Mill.) Fosberg) cultivars” was carried out during 2012-2013 at Horticultural Research Station, Venkataramannagudem, West Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh, with the objective of understanding the pattern of growth and development, physical and biochemical changes that occur during growth and development of fruit and to standardize the maturity indices for best time of harvest for different cultivars of sapota.The present experiment was undertaken with different cultivars of sapota viz., PKM-1, PKM-3, DHS-1, DHS-2, Pala, Kalipatti, Cricket Ball, Singapore, Kirthibarthi and Virudhnagar in a Factorial Randomized Block Design (FRBD) with three replications.
The study revealed significant differences among the varieties for different fruit characters studied. Fruit length, width, weight, pulp weight, volume and seed weight increased in all sapota cultivars from fruit set till maturity at all stages of growth and development. Maximum fruit size, weight, pulp weight, volume, number of seeds and seed weight was recorded in the variety Cricket Ball followed by PKM-3.
Firmness of fruit was out of fruit pressure tester up to 120th day in all the varieties. The value of fruit firmness was high during initial stages of fruit growth and decreased gradually with increase of fruit maturity. At maturity the fruit texture was smooth and flesh colour beneath the skin was yellow in all the varieties. The flesh colour of fruit was reddish brown in case of PKM-3 and Cricket Ball, while it was yellowish brown in the remaining varieties. Latex flow and spined stigma were absent at maturity in all the varieties. The variety DHS-2 recorded the maximum number of days to attain harvestable maturity followed by cv. Cricket Ball.
The biochemical changes in fruit viz., TSS, TSS: acid ratio, total sugars, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars increased continuously in all sapota cultivars from fruit set till maturity and titrable acidity exhibited decreasing trend throughout the development but ascorbic acid content had an initial increase up to 180 days and thereafter decreased continuously during development and declined on maturity. Among the different varieties, TSS, reducing sugars and total sugars were high in the cultivar Kalipatti followed by Pala, PKM-3 and Virudhnagar over the other varieties during growth and ripening stages .
The results suggest that in sapota fruits, it is not possible to decide the optimum stage of harvesting based on a single physical character. The stage of harvest could be recognized by considering both the physical and biochemical characters. The number of days taken for optimum maturity in PKM-1, Pala, Singapore and Virudhnagar was 225 days. Kalipatti required 240 days, DHS-1and Kirthibarti took 240- 255 days, while PKM-3, DHS-2 and Cricket Ball took 255 – 270 days. The fruits harvested at optimum stage of maturity ripened properly and they possessed maximum TSS, reducing sugars, low acidity, good texture, fruit and flesh colour and organoleptic score was high.
A combination of different methods of assessing maturity is therefore recommended to establish appropriate stage of harvest for different sapota varieties. From the present investigation, it is clear that the optimum stage of harvest could be recognized by considering the physical characters (size, weight, skin colour, latex flow, spine stigma, texture and days to harvest), biochemical characters (TSS, total sugars, reducing sugars and organoleptic scoring) and days taken from fruit set can be employed as criteria for assessing the harvest stage in different varieties of sapota studied.
 
Date 2016-07-25T12:00:54Z
2016-07-25T12:00:54Z
2014-04
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/69729
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher Dr. Y. S. R. HORTICULTURAL UNIVERSITY