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EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ORGANIC SOURCES ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF RICE GROWN ON CERTIFIED ORGANIC FARM

KrishiKosh

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Title EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ORGANIC SOURCES ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF RICE GROWN ON CERTIFIED ORGANIC FARM
 
Creator JONDHALE, DEVDATTA G.
 
Contributor KOLAMBE, B.N.
 
Subject rice, organic fertilizers, grain, yields, liquid formulations, crop residues, crops, nutrients, farmyard manure, fertilizers
 
Description A field experiment on rice consisting of twelve treatment combinations involving different proportion of four organics on N equivalent basis (O1: 25% N through NADEP + 25% N through vermicompost (VC) + 25% N through neem cake (NC), O2: 25% N through NADEP + 25% N through VC + 25% N through castor cake (CC), O3 : 33.3% N through NADEP + 33.3% N through VC + 33.4% N through NC and O4 : 33.3% N through NADEP + 33.3% N through VC + 33.4% N through CC) and three different organic liquid formulation sprays (S1: 1% enriched banana pseudostem sap, S2: 1% vermiwash, S3: 1% cow urine) along with one INM (control) outside the organic farm were tested in FRBD with three replications at Organic Farm, F-block, NAU, Navsari during summer season of 2011-12 and 2012-13.
The results of present study revealed that among the organics treatments, O3 showed superiority with respect to growth and yield parameters of rice over O1 and O2 but it was closely followed by treatment O4. The values recorded in pooled analysis with O3 treatment of plant height at harvest (104.8 cm), number of tillers plant -1 (10), number of panicles plant -1 (8), panicles length (23.5cm), number of filled grains (188.6), test weight (14 gm), grain yield (43.29 qha-1) and straw yield (52.54 qha-1) as well as total dry matter yield (88.76 qha-1) were significantly higher as compared to rest of the organic treatments.
On pooled analysis basis all yield attributing characters were found to be improved significantly due to spraying of different organic liquid formulations. Treatment S1 increased the plant height, number of tillers plant -1, number of panicles plant -1, panicle length, number of filled grains, test weight, grain yield, straw yield and total dry matter yield 101.8 cm, 9, 7, 21.8 cm,183.1,13.9, 40.51 qha-1, 46.94 qha-1, 80.73 qha-1 , respectively over treatments S2 and S3. But treatment S1 was on par with treatment S2 in respect of number of filled grains.
The interaction effect between different organics N levels and organic liquid formulation as well as control v/s rest analysis were found to be non-significant in almost all growth and yield parameters studied.
Among the organics treatments, O3 treatment recorded significantly higher values of nutrient contents and uptake (grain and straw) of all the nutrients as compared to O2 and O1, but it was at par with O4 treatment during both the years. But different levels of organics N failed to exert any significant effect on heavy metal (Ni, Pb and Cd) contents in rice grain. Among different organic liquid formulations, treatment S1 recorded significantly higher nutrient contents in rice grain except heavy metal contents similarly in S1 treatment increased the uptake of macro and micro-nutrients significantly than other treatments but treatment S2 found on par with former treatment in case of total N, K and S contents in rice grain. Despite significant difference in dry matter yield of rice (grain and straw) and nutrient content and uptake by rice (grain and straw), the differences of nutrient contents and uptake of nutrient between organic mean and INM (control) were turned out to be not significant. But, organics treatment obtained significantly maximum macro and micro-nutrients contents and uptake by rice crop over INM (control).
Among the organics treatments, O3 recorded significantly higher values of physical quality parameters (grain length, grain breadth, L:B ratio and hulling recovery), chemical quality parameters (protein content, amylose content, alkali spreading value and gel consistency ) and cooking
characters (kernel length after cooking, cooking time, water uptake and volume expantion ratio) in rice grains as compared to O2 and O1, but O4 was next in ranking. Contrarily to this, elongation ratio was significantly lower with O3 as compared to O2 and O1 treatments except O4 treatment. Similarly, treatment S1 also exerted significant beneficial effect on quality parameters in comparison to treatments S2 and S3.
The rice crop sprayed with treatment S1 recorded significantly higher values of physical quality parameters (grain length, grain breadth and hulling recovery), chemical quality parameters (protein content, amylose content and gel consistency) and cooking characters (kernel length after cooking, cooking time, water uptake and volume expantion ratio) and significantly lower elongation ratio in rice grains than rest of the liquid formulations spraying in all cases. On the other hand, L:B ratio and alkali spreading values were significantly affected due to spraying of different organic liquid formulations. But, in case of elongation ratio S1 was on par with S2 during both the years in pooled analysis.
Inspite of non-significant effect of N levels on soil colour, pH, EC, heavy metal contents and that of organic liquid formulations on bulk density, WSA, soil colour, pH, EC of soil and heavy metal contents. The application of 33.3% N through NADEP + 33.3% N through VC+ 33.4% N through NC (O3) significantly reduced the BD of soil and increased the WSA of size >1.0 mm and remained at par with treatment O4. Whereas, O3 reduced the WSA of size 0.5-1.0 mm than other treatments except O4. The interaction between organics N levels and organic liquid formulations did not show remarkable change in soil physical properties viz., bulk density, WSA and soil colour but in INM (control) v/s rest analysis, bulk density of soil and WSA were improved significantly due to organics than INM (control).
The treatment receiving application of 100 per cent dose of N through NADEP: VC: NC (O3) and NADEP: VC: CC (O4) significantly increased the soil organic carbon and all available nutrient contents except heavy metal contents over their lower application rate treatments in pooled. The
significant increase in soil organic carbon and all macro and micro-nutrient contents were also noticed in treatment S1 as well as S2 than rest of the treatments. The chemical properties of soil did not differ significantly due to interaction effect of O x S. Application of organics alone significantly increased the soil organic carbon as well as all macro and micro-nutrients contents than in INM.
In case of economics, maximum net benefit (Rs. 51479 ha-1) and higher benefit : cost ratio (1.95) was observed with the treatment receiving application of 33.3% N through NADEP + 33.3% N through VC + 33.4% N through NC (O3) followed by the treatment receiving application of 33.3% N through NADEP + 33.3% N through VC + 33.4% N through CC (O4) (Rs. 45843 ha-1 and 1.85, respectively) as compared to rest of the treatments. However, spraying of 1% enriched banana pseudostem sap (S1) recorded maximum net benefit (Rs. 46330 ha-1) and benefit : cost ratio (1.88) followed by spraying of 1% vermiwash (S2). The treatment combination of application of 100% N through NADEP : VC : NC along with spraying of 1% enriched banana pseudostem sap (O3S1) gave higher net profit (Rs. 60495 ha-1) and benefit : cost ratio (2.10) which was followed by the treatment combinations O4S1 over other treatments. While, in INM (control) v/s organics, organics treatment recorded highest net benefit and benefit : cost ratio (Rs. 38850 ha-1 and 1.75, respectively) as compared to INM (control).
On the basis of two years of experimentation, it can be concluded that combined application of recommended dose of N through NADEP, vermicompost and neem cake or treatment N through NADEP, vermicompost and castor cake with spraying of enriched banana pseudostem sap increased rice grain and straw yield as well as quality of grain and net profit .
 
Date 2016-05-05T12:02:47Z
2016-05-05T12:02:47Z
2014-07
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/65810
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari