MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS OF THE VIRUSES ASSOCIATED WITH CHIRKE AND FOORKEY DISEASES OF LARGE CARDAMOM
KrishiKosh
View Archive InfoField | Value | |
Title |
MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS OF THE VIRUSES ASSOCIATED WITH CHIRKE AND FOORKEY DISEASES OF LARGE CARDAMOM
Ph.D. |
|
Creator |
S. VIJAY ANAND RAJ
|
|
Contributor |
Bikash Mandal
|
|
Subject |
proteins, cardamoms, diseases, biological phenomena, genomes, planting, pcr, viruses, dna, genes
|
|
Description |
Chirke and foorkey diseases are important constraints of large cardamom cultivation in eastern sub-Himalayan mountains. However the genome of the chirke virus has not been fully characterized and molecular diagnostics were not available. In this study 3’ terminal genome sequence (5961 nucleotides) of the virus associated with chirke disease containing the partial CI, 9k, NIa-VPg, NIa- Pro, NIb, CP and the 3' terminal untranslated region (UTR) was determined. The partial polyprotein nucleotides (4401) and amino acids (1346) containing the 9k, NIa-VPg, NIa-Pro, NIb and CP showed maximum sequence identity of 41.4 % and 69.2 % with Cardamom mosaic virus (CdMV) causing katte disease in small cardamom, respectively. The deduced amino acids sequences of the 9K protein showed a maximum sequence identity of 83.7 % with CdMV. The viral genome contains the RNA helicase motif, conserved tyrosine residue, Cysteine protease, GDD motif as found in the macluraviruses and potyviruses. Phylogenetic analysis based on the five polyproteins showed that virus was closer to CdMV, Alpinia mosaic virus, and Chinese yam necrotic mosaic virus subclade. The deduced amino acid sequence of putative coat protein (CP) gene showed maximum similarity of 65.8% with the CdMV and other macluraviruses. The results suggest that the virus associated with the chirke disease of large cardamom is a new species under the genus Macluravirus in the family Potyviridae for which the name large cardamom chirke virus (LCCV) is proposed. Purification of LCCV from large cardamom tissues is difficult and therefore immunodiagnostic reagents were not available. In the present study, we have successfully expressed CP gene of LCCV in Escherichia coli. The purification of expressed protein by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography was inefficient due to precipitation of protein during renaturation. We have optimized a simple, inexpensive and efficient method for purification of the expressed CP through gel extraction with 5% SDS followed by renaturation in Milli-Q water, which resulted in high yield (4.7 mg/ml) and good quality of the protein. A higher titer (1:256,000) polyclonal antibody (PAb) to the recombinant CP was produced, which strongly recognized LCCV in crude leaf extract and showed minimal 81 background reaction with the healthy leaf extract in enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and dot immunobinding assay (DIBA). The sensitivities of the ELISA and DIBA were 5 ng and 0.1 ng of expressed protein, respectively. Both the ELISA and DIBA were validated with 100% accuracy in detecting LCCV in field samples. The results of ELISA and DIBA were further confirmed by IC-RT-PCR at a dilution of 1:500 of polyclonal antibody. The PAb differentiated Cardamom mosaic virus (CdMV), another close relative of LCCV. Our study is first to report highly efficient immunodiagnosis with PAb to E. coli expressed recombinant CP of a virus under the genus Macluravirus. The antigen expression construct and PAb developed in the present study will be useful in production of virus free planting materials of large cardamom. Cardamom bushy dwarf virus (CBDV) belongs to the genus Babuvirus, family Nanoviridae causes foorkey disease in large cardamom. In the present study, the coat protein gene of CBDV was cloned in prokaryotic expression vector pET28a and expressed in the rosetta E.coli (DE3) strain. The expressed CBDV CP protein was purified using gel extraction using 5% SDS, which yielded 4.2 mg/ml. The PAb specifically detected the CBDV CP in crude and purified preparations in the western blot. The sample/healthy ratio indicates that the produced PAb reacts with the inner tender meristem tissue at a dilution of 1:800. The antiserum produced against the expressed CBDV specifically detected the CBDV in the inner meristem tissues of the CBDV infected plantlets and a marginal positive reaction with the base of the stem, whereas the PAb didn’t detect the CBDV in the leaf, leaf sheath. PCR based detection of CBDV using conserved stem and loop primers was optimized using fast Taq DNA polymerase and a fluorescent dye was successfully used for rapid detection of CBDV. Both the ELISA and PCR based detection of CBDV were validated with 100% accuracy in field samples. Our study is first to report sensitive immunodiagnosis with PAb to E. coli expressed recombinant CP of a virus under the genus CBDV. This study for the first time characterized the virus associated with chirke disease of large cardamom and ~80% of the genome sequence was generated. Molecular diagnostic reagents developed in this study will be useful for the production of virus free planting materials. |
|
Date |
2016-03-11T14:56:13Z
2016-03-11T14:56:13Z 2013 |
|
Type |
Thesis
|
|
Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/65090
|
|
Language |
en_US
|
|
Format |
application/pdf
|
|
Publisher |
IARI, Division of Plant Pathology, New Delhi
|
|