“PARTICIPATION OF FARM WOMEN IN DECISION MAKING PROCESS WITH RESPECT TO ANIMAL HUSBANDRY PRACTICES
KrishiKosh
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Title |
“PARTICIPATION OF FARM WOMEN IN DECISION MAKING PROCESS WITH RESPECT TO ANIMAL HUSBANDRY PRACTICES
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Creator |
CHANDRAVADIA KIRAN UKABHAI
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Contributor |
Thakrar D. M.
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Subject |
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY PRACTICES”
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION |
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Description |
In the developing country like India, most predominantly agricultural, the economic status of the people is directly related to the production they get from land and livestock. India depends on growth of agriculture and animal husbandry. Both these enterprises play a significant role in Indian economy. Livestock sector is a prominent sector among agriculture and allied activities in India In India, women with the varied social, economical, political, regional and linguistic backgrounds constitute half the nation's population. Women are the pillars on which the family unit stands but in reality rural women present a picture of object poverty and exploitation both inside and outside the home. Traditionally, women's roles are confined to household chores and animal husbandry practices, which in general engage them for longer hours than men each day. The farm women have a lot of potential for the development but they are unable to identify their own strength. All that required is to motivate them to participate in economic activities needed for their development. They can become a great resource in the development process if they are properly organized and mobilized to make them self-reliant by encouraging them to participate in decision making not only in household activities but in animal husbandry practices. Other than home affairs, they also show their involvement in planning, decision-making and supervisory activities related to dairy occupation. Keeping this in view, an attempt is to be made systematically to study “PARTICIPATION OF FARM WOMEN IN DECISION MAKING PROCESS WITH RESPECT TO ANIMAL HSUBANDRY PRACTICES” with following objectives: 1) To study the personal, economical, social, communicational and psychological characteristics of farm women. 2) To develop and measure participation of farm women in decision making process with respect to animal husbandry practices. 3) To measure the decision making pattern of farm women with respect to animal husbandry practices. 4) To ascertain the relationship between characteristic of farm women and the extent of participation in decision making process. 5) To determine attitude of farm women towards participation in decision making process. 6) To know the constraints faced by women and suggestions offered while participation in decision making process. METHODOLOGY The present study was undertaken in Junagadh district which is operational area of Junagadh Agricultural University. In Junagadh district, six talukas were purposively selected where maximum number of dairy cooperative society existence. Two villages were purposively selected from each taluka having more number of members of dairy cooperative society. Total twelve villages were selected for the study. Twenty farm women were selected randomly from each of the selected villages. In all, 240 farm women were selected to serve as the respondents for the study. The data were collected in the light of the objectives of the study with the help of well structured pre tested Gujarati version interview schedule. For measurement of dependent and independent variables included in study, different scales and scoring techniques developed by other scientists were used with slight modifications. The data so collected were coded, classified, tabulated and analyzed in order to make the finding meaningful. The statistical tools used were percentage, mean score, standard deviation and coefficient of correlation, regression and step wise regression analysis. The important findings of the study are summarized as below. The study revealed that more than half (57.08 per cent) of the farm women belonged to middle age group, educated up to (38.75 per cent) primary level, had medium experience (62.92 per cent) in animal husbandry practices, animal husbandry plus farming as their occupation (54.58 per cent), Slightly more than two-fifth (40.42 per cent) of the farm women had small land holding, low annual income (42.92 per cent), medium size of herd (62.92 per cent), had medium milk production (69.58 per cent), medium area under fodder crop (75.00 per cent), belonged to joint family (66.25 per cent) and large size of family (78.75 per cent), nearly two-fifth (38.75 per cent) of farm women had medium social participation, had medium (60.00 per cent) mass media exposure, medium (55.00 per cent) level of extension participation, more than two-fifth (46.67 per cent) of the farm women had medium level of cosmopoliteness, medium (65.42 per cent) scientific orientation, slightly less than three-fourth (74.58 cent) of the respondents had medium level of risk orientation, belongs to medium economic motivation category (48.33 per cent) and under medium innovativeness (59.17 per cent). The dependent variable undertaken in this study. The 11 indicators were used to major the decision making process of farm women. Share of main indicators in decision making process was calculated and distributed in different categories according to the response of respondents. The rank was given to all 11 main indicators according to the mean. The indicators daily practices ranked first followed by health care practices, profit utilization, fodder production, management practices, feeding practices, housing facilities, making milk product, marketing practices, breeding practices and financial practices. As concerned overall decision making process, slightly more than three-fifth (62.50 per cent) of the farm women had medium level participation. Whereas, 19.17 and 18.33 per cent of the farm women had high and low level of participation in decision making process, respectively. With regard to breeding practices, farm women’s self decision found to be negligible except rearing of calves (90.84) and pregnancy diagnosis (71.67 per cent). In case of feeding practices, great majority of the farm women had self decision in feeding schedule of young heifers (78.34 per cent), dry animals (70.84 per cent), milch animals (70.00 per cent) and pregnant animals (65.00 per cent). About fodder practices concerned, majority of farm women had not participation regarding selection of fodder crop. With respect to management practices great majority of farm women taken self decision about dung for fuel (77.08 per cent), milk to family (75.42). In case of making milk product majority of women taken self decision in making of ghee (91.66 per cent), butter milk (78.75 per cent) and curd (70.00 per cent). With regard to marketing practices nearly half of the farm women had taken joint decision with her husband about sell of animal (54.58 per cent) and purchase of concentrated feed (53.33 per cent). About housing facilities concerned, majority of farm women was participation of decision making process with her family member about arrangement of scientific housing (52.50 per cent), arrangement of traditional house (30.83 per cent) and repair shed (24.58 per cent). With regard to health care practices majority of farm women had taken jointly decision with her husband about cost of medicine (72.50 per cent). While in case of daily practices decision taken by farm women were highest. With respect to financial practices farm women had jointly decision with husband and family members about financial practices i.e. loan facilities and perception of loan interest. As concerned profit utilization majority of the farm women taken jointly decision with her husband about children education (71.67 per cent) and half per cent of women taken self decision about purchase of luxury items. Majority of the farm women (57.50 per cent) had neutral attitude towards participation in decision making process. Based on the correlation analysis it was found that the variables viz., age, education, experience, occupation, annual income, herd size, milk production, type of family, size of family, social participation, mass media exposure, extension participation, cosmopoliteness, scientific orientation, risk orientation, economic motivation and innovative proneness had significant relationship with decision making process. Whereas, size of land holding and area under fodder crop had no association with decision making process of farm women with respect to animal husbandry practices. With a view to know the variation in decision making process, 69.79 per cent of total variation was found and the same was explained by set of 19 independent variables together. Out of 19 variables, thirteen variables viz., milk production, experience in animal husbandry, age, scientific orientation, education, economic motivation, social participation, herd size, type of family, mass media exposure, risk orientation, innovative proneness and size of family had significant contribution in decision making process. On the basis of the results of stepwise multiple regression analysis it was found that the thirteen variables viz., milk production, experience in animal husbandry, age, scientific orientation, education, economic motivation, social participation, herd size, type of family, mass media exposure, risk orientation, innovative proneness and size of family put together explained as much 69.37 per cent of total variation in the decision making process. Major constraints faced by farm women were; costly management, lack of self confidence in decision and lack of technical know-how about breeding, feeding, management and health care on milch animals. Major suggestions offered by farm women were cattle feed should be provided at reasonable price, balanced concentrates should be subsidized by Government and loan should be provided to purchase milch animals easily. |
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Date |
2016-09-21T17:43:26Z
2016-09-21T17:43:26Z 2013-03 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/78228
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Language |
en
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Format |
application/pdf
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