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Studies on omasal and abomasal disorders in cattle and buffaloes

KrishiKosh

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Title Studies on omasal and abomasal disorders in cattle and buffaloes
 
Creator Shah, Syed Ashaq Hussain
 
Contributor Uppal, S. K.
 
Subject Cattle
buffalo
prevalence
omasum
abomasum
impaction
vagal indigestion
ulcer
lymphosarcoma
TRP
DH
haematology
biochemistry
clotting profile
pepsinogen
PAGE
peritoneal fluid
necropsy and survey
 
Description Under field study, prevalence of faecal occult blood test based Type I abomasal ulceration was 0.83% (0.92% in cattle, 0.69% in buffalo) with higher pepsinogen concentration in ulcer positive animals. Under abattoir study, prevalence of Type I abomasal ulceration in buffaloes was 66.42% with majority of ulcers in caudal third of parietal surface of abomasal body along greater curvature except for Type Ia ulcers, which were observed mainly in the pyloric region. Haemato-biochemical alterations were related to number of Type I ulcers rather than subtype of ulcer. Pepsinogen and gastrin with cutoff values of 2.91U/L and 97 pg/ml, respectively were indicators of Type I ulceration. Through analysis of hospital admitted cases at GADVASU for year 2013, prevalence of omasal impaction, abomasal impaction, abomasal ulceration and late pregnancy indigestion (LPI) was 1.92%, 0.35%, 3.3% and 0.74%, respectively. Prevalence of omasal impaction was higher in buffaloes and that of abomasal ulceration in cattle, with higher prevalence of omasal impaction during May-July period. In clinical study, out of 161 cases (79 buffaloes and 82 cattle) different conditions observed were primary omasal impaction (n=17, 10.6%), secondary omasal impaction (n=30, 18.6%), Type II abomasal ulceration (n=29, 18.1%), Type III abomasal ulceration (n=32, 19.9%), Type IV abomasal ulceration (n=21, 13%), Lymphosarcoma associated abomasal ulceration (LAAU) (n=5, 3.1%) abomasal impaction (n=8, 5%), abomasal bloat (n=2, 1.2%), and LPI (n=17, 10.6%). Primary omasal impaction was primarily associated with feeding of wheat straw. The conditions associated with secondary omasal impaction (n=30) were TRP (n=16), rumen impaction (n=8), DH (n=3) peritonitis (n=3). The cases of primary omasal impaction had history of loss of defecation or scanty faeces along with initial abdominal pain and presence of mucous on per rectal examination was a consistent finding. The consistent clinical signs of abomasal ulceration were melena, sudden anorexia and reduction in milk yield, hypo or amotile rumen with tympany, abdominal distension, mushy rumen consistency, intestinal dilatation and scanty faeces remarkable in type IV ulceration. LPI was characterised by anorexia and tympany during advanced pregnancy along with scanty faeces or loss of defecation, and hypermotile rumen. Calves with abomasal bloat had characteristic history of ingestion of large quantity of milk at one time, abdominal distension and abdominal pain. On haematological examination neutrophilia was more pronounced in primary omasal impaction than secondary omasal impaction. The haematological alteration in abomasal ulceration varied from normal hemogram to leucopenia along with various degrees of toxic changes in neutrophils and left shift while lymphosarcoma cases showed presence of large number of lymphoid cells with hyper chromatic nuclei. Although, cases of LPI showed neutrophilia left shift was less marked. Biochemical analysis showed a similar trend for omasal and abomasal disorders and the difference was of higher severity in abomasal ulceration. Biochemical alterations were increased total bilirubin, AST, ALP, GGT, CK, LDH, BHBA, NEFA, glucose, BUN, creatinine, lactate, whereas K, Cl, Ca, P, total protein, albumin were decreased in majority of cases. Hypoproteinemia and hypoalbuminemia were more pronounced in Type IV abomasal ulceration. Acid base analysis revealed hypochloremic, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis with compensatory respiratory acidosis and decreased anion gap, being severe in Type IV ulceration. Abomasal bloat cases showed metabolic acidosis. Decrease in total protein, associated with decrease of  and  globulin and increase of β globulin was a common finding in serum electrophoresis of abomasal ulceration cases. SAA, TNF α, gastrin and pepsinogen were increased in abomasal ulceration. PT, APTT and D-dimer were not altered in primary omasal impaction or LPI but were increased in abomasal ulceration being higher in Type IV. On peritoneal fluid examination, changes in cell morphology and biochemical indices were better indicators of peritoneal inflammation. Rumen chloride concentration was increased except in LAAU. Phycomycotic abomasitis was observed in most cases of bleeding and perforated ulcers. Surgical treatment resulted in recovery of 64.3% cases of omasal impaction. Medical management with antibiotics, fluid therapy, anta-acids (ranitidine and or MgO2±Al (OH)2) resulted in recovery of 53.6% cases of Type II, 55.2% cases of Type III abomasal ulceration and all cases of LPI. Prevalence of omasal impaction, abomasal impaction and abomasal ulceration in animals presented for PM was 29.25%, 8.16% and 47.62%, respectively. Both circumferences of omasum were significantly greater in animals with omasal impaction than animals with normal omasum.
 
Date 2016-08-19T17:36:19Z
2016-08-19T17:36:19Z
2015-09-24
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/73094
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf