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Analyses of Management Factors Influencing Fat and Solids-Not-Fat Content of Cows Milk in Namakkal District

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Title Analyses of Management Factors Influencing Fat and Solids-Not-Fat Content of Cows Milk in Namakkal District
 
Creator Singh, D. Anandha Prakash
 
Contributor Kumar, V. Ramesh Saravana
 
Description Analyses of management factors influencing fat and solids-not-fat content of
cow?s milk in Namakkal district were carried out to study the feasibility of improving the
milk fat and SNF content. A survey among the dairy farmers revealed that average
number of cows available per farmer was 3.01. Maximum number of farmers reared
Jersey crossbreds either singly (71.33 per cent) or combined with Holstein Friesian
crossbred cows (18 per cent).
Majority of the farmers followed individual concentrate feeding (99.33 per cent)
and fed the concentrate before milking (86.67 per cent) whereas, green (94.67 per cent)
and dry fodder (99.33 per cent) were fed after milking. Zero grazing was followed by 28
per cent of farmers in Sendamangalam block followed by 16 per cent in Namakkal block
and none from Mohanur block. Average grazing duration per day ranged from 3.8 to 5.2
hours in the selected blocks. Irrespective of the blocks 59.33 per cent of farmers soaked
the concentrate feed in water and fed to the animals. Maximum number of farmers had
green fodder availability only during rainy or post-monsoon season. Majority of the
farmers fed sorghum fodder alone (37 per cent) or in combination with field grass (30 per
cent) or Co-3 grass (18 per cent).
The overall mean dry matter intake (DMI) received through concentrate, green
and dry fodder were 3.04 kg, 2.37 kg and 3.29 kg for milch cow. Farmers had fair
knowledge on milk fat and SNF and their awareness to improve fat and SNF was poor.
Only 6.67 per cent farmers attempted to improve the milk composition with either
mineral mixture or calcite.
The milk fat and SNF trend analyses showed that the mean milk fat and SNF per
cent had highly significant difference between blocks, months and seasons. The overall
mean morning and evening milk fat and SNF per cent were 4.342 ? 0.003 and 4.436 ?
0.003; 8.170 ? 0.001 and 8.207 ? 0.001, respectively. Maximum fat per cent was
recorded during October (4.518 ? 0.009) and November (4.541 ? 0.009) months and the
lower values were recorded during March (4.330 ? 0.007) and April (4.332 ? 0.009).
The highest SNF per cent was registered during August (8.244 ? 0.003) and September
(8.240 ? 0.003) and the lowest values observed during March (8.181 ? 0.002), April
(8.176 ? 0.003) and May (8.182 ? 0.003).
North-east monsoon recorded the highest fat per cent (4.517 ? 0.005) and both
south-west (8.229 ? 0.002) and north-east monsoon (8.228 ? 0.002) recorded maximum
SNF per cent. The lowest milk fat per cent (4.343 ? 0.005) and SNF per cent (8.180 ?
0.002) were recorded during summer.
The suggestive measures trial revealed that the mean dry matter intake did not
differ significantly between the treatment groups as well as between the treatment
periods. During the treatment period the milk yield was significantly higher (8.46 ? 0.08
litres) in spray cooled cows (T1) followed by sodium bicarbonate (8.24 ? 0.05 litres) and
least in yeast (7.65 litres) supplemented cows (T3).
Both milk fat and SNF per cent in the spray cooled cows (4.23 ? 0.05 and 8.23
?0.02) and sodium bicarbonate supplemented cows showed significantly higher values
during the treatment period. Among the treatment groups, the spray cooled cows had the
highest positive response in milk yield both in the morning (5.03 ? 0.05 litres) and
evening (3.42 ? 0.04 litres) followed by sodium bicarbonate (4.96 ? 0.03 and 3.28 ? 0.03
litres) supplemented cows. The yeast supplemented cows had the least positive response
(4.58 ? 0.07 and 3.07 ? 0.04 litres).
The spray cooled cows recorded the maximum fat per cent both in the morning
(4.16 ? 0.05) and evening (4.30 ? 0.06) during the treatment period. The mean SNF per
cent was also higher in the spray cooled cows (8.23 ? 0.02) followed by mineral mixture
(8.22 ? 0.02) and yeast (8.21 ? 0.01) supplemented cows.
 
Date 2016-07-26T12:46:31Z
2016-07-26T12:46:31Z
2008
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/69907
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University