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STUDIES ON BIOLOGY, CHEMICAL CONTROL AND HOST PLANT RESISTANCE OF SORGHUM SHOOT FLY, Atherigona soccata Rondani

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Title STUDIES ON BIOLOGY, CHEMICAL CONTROL AND HOST PLANT RESISTANCE OF SORGHUM SHOOT FLY, Atherigona soccata Rondani
 
Creator GHOGHARI, PRAVINKUMAR D.
 
Contributor ROTE, N.B.
 
Subject dna, planting, biological development, diseases, storage structures, vegetables, physical control
 
Description Investigation was carried out during Kharif 2004 and 2006 regarding ?Studies on biology, chemical control and host plant resistance of
sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata Rondani? at Main Sorghum Research Station, Navsari Agricultural University, Surat.
In the study of biology, it was found that the egg was minute, elongated, elliptical, cigar shaped and milky white or dirty white in colour. It
measured on an average 1.28 ? 0.05 mm in length and 0.31 ? 0.02 mm in breadth. The average incubation period was 1.88 ? 0.66 days and average hatching
percentage was 86.51 ? 6.43 per cent. The larvae passed through four instars. The first instar larva was minute, dirty white in colour and consisted of eleven
segments. It measured 1.53 ? 0.06 mm in length and 0.42 ? 0.03 mm in width. The average larval period of first instar was 1.52 ? 0.51 days. The second
instar larva was flattened and cephalic hooks being thicker and longer. It measured 2.88 ? 0.05 mm in length and 1.26 ? 0.05 mm in width with the average
larval period of 2.36 ? 0.49 days. The third instar larva was active and light yellowish in colour. It measured 5.92 ? 0.11 mm in length and 2.24 ? 0.07 mm in
width. The average larval period of third instar was 2.80 ? 0.76 days. The fourth instar larva was stout and very deep yellowish in colour. It measured 7.48 ?
0.09 mm in length and 2.94 ? 0.12 mm in width. The average larval period of fourth instar was 2.48 ? 0.51 days. The average total larval period was 9.24 ?
0.83 days. Pupation took place in the stem of sorghum seedling. Pupa was blackish red or light brown in colour. The pupa measured on an average 3.97 ?
0.14 mm in length and 1.31 ? 0.08 mm in breadth. The pupal period lasted for on an average of 9 ? 0.82 days. Adult was whitish grey to dirty grey in colour.
Female measured on an average 5.01 ? 0.16 mm in length and 7.10 ? 0.14 mm in breadth with expanded wings, while male measured on an average 4.69 ?
0.95 mm in length and 6.73 ? 0.09 mm in breadth with expanded wings. The average pre-oviposition, oviposition and post-oviposition periods were lasted for
0.64 ? 0.56, 5.04 ? 0.79 and 1.6 ? 0.5 days, respectively. The sex ratio of male female was 1:1.64. The average fecundity of female was 21.40 ? 4.13 eggs.
The average longevity of female without food was 3.24 ? 0.78 days and with food was 7.28 ? 0.79 days. The average longevity of male without food was
3.72 ? 0.74 days and with food was 6.20 ? 0.76 days. The total life cycle occupied with an average of 23.84 ? 0.76 days without food and 26.36 ? 0.77 days
with food in case of male, while in case of female it occupied with an average of 23.36 ? 0.77 days without food and 27.40 ? 0.78 days with food.
Among the different insecticides as a seed treatment, the treatment of thiamethoxam 70 WS @ 4 g/kg seed and imidacloprid 70 WS @ 6 g/kg
seed were found to be very effective against shoot fly. The other effective treatments in the order of merit were thiamethoxam 70 WS @ 2 g/kg seed,
imidacloprid 70 WS @ 4 g/kg seed and carbosulfan 25 DS @ 60 g/kg seed. As far as the yield is concerned, the highest grain yield was recorded in the
treatment of imidacloprid 70 WS @ 6 g/kg seed (29.88 q/ha) and it was at par with thiamethoxam 70 WS @ 4 g/kg seed (29.73 q/ha) and imidacloprid 70 WS
@ 4 g/kg seed (27.93 q/ha). The highest stover yield was recorded in the treatment of imidacloprid 70 WS @ 4 g/kg seed and it was at par with imidacloprid
70 WS @ 6 g/kg seed and thiamethoxam 70 WS @ 4 g/kg seed. As far as the economics is concerned, the highest net profit was recorded in the treatment of
imidacloprid 70 WS @ 6 g/kg seed (15561 Rs/ha) and it was followed by thiamethoxam 70 WS @ 4 g/kg seed (15419 Rs/ha), imidacloprid 70 WS @ 4 g/kg
seed (14728 Rs/ha) and thiamethoxam 70 WS @ 2 g/kg seed (11408 Rs/ha).
Considering the net profit as well as CBR, the treatments of thiamethoxam 70 WS @ 4 g/kg seed and imidacloprid 70 WS @ 4 g/kg seed
were found to be effective and economical for the control of sorghum shoot fly.
Twentyone sorghum genotypes were screened against shoot fly under natural field infestation. Twelve genotypes viz., IS 2312, SR 2458, IS
1054, ICSV 705, SR 2459, SR 666, ICSV 700, ICSB 477, SR 770, SR 2460, SFCR 1105 and IS 6566 were found to be tolerant to shoot fly and recorded less
egg laying and dead heart percentage.
As far as the correlation between physical characters of plant and shoot fly incidence is concerned, the plant height and number of leaves per
plant at 14 DAE showed significant negative correlation with oviposition of shoot fly. The dead heart percentages were also significantly and negatively
associated with plant height at 28 DAE, number of leaves per plant at 28 DAE, plant height at maturity, length of internodes at maturity and number of leaves
at maturity. Whereas, it was significantly and positively correlated with breadth of leaves at maturity.
Among the biochemical characters, only hydrocyanic acid showed significant positive correlation with shoot fly oviposition as well as dead
heart percentage of shoot fly. However, the other biochemical characters viz., total chlorophyll, nitrogen, crude protein and tannin contents did not show
significant correlation with shoot fly oviposition and dead heart percentage.
 
Date 2016-03-10T08:54:13Z
2016-03-10T08:54:13Z
2008-09
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/65032
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari