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ANTIOXIDANT NUTRIENTS LEVEL IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH AND WITHOUT PRE-ECLAMPSIA

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Title ANTIOXIDANT NUTRIENTS LEVEL IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH AND WITHOUT PRE-ECLAMPSIA
 
Creator SUPRIYA VEDA
 
Contributor SHOBHA, S
 
Subject ANTIOXIDANT NUTRIENTS LEVEL IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH AND WITHOUT PREECLAMPSIA
 
Description Pre-eclampsia, a hypertensive disease of pregnancy is the most common and serious
antenatal complication of pregnancy characterized by hypertension, proteinuria and abnormal fluid
retention. It is a serious hazard for both the mother and fetus.
The present study was undertaken to determine the antioxidant nutrients in
pregnant women with and without pre-eclampsia and to correlate the levels with
lipid peroxidation levels. Thirty pre-eclamptic patients were selected as per
criteria given by the International Society for the Study of Hypertension in
Pregnancy (ISSHP). They were further classified into mild and severe group based
on the classification given by Odendaal et al. (1990). Thirty normal pregnant
females matched for gestational and maternal age to the experimental subjects
were selected as control. All the subjects were primigravida in their third trimester
of pregnancy. Information regarding their general profile, obstetric history and
dietary intake was collected using a personal interview schedule. Nutritional status
of the subjects was assessed through food and nutrient intake and anthropometry.
Fasting blood samples were drawn and plasma was analysed for lipid peroxidation
levels, vitamin A, E, β-carotene and vitamin C. Haemoglobin levels were
estimated. After the subjects delivered, pregnancy outcome and nutritional status
of the newborn were assessed.
Results showed that the subjects of the study were in general from lowsocio
economic strata with low income and educational levels. A dietary
inadequacy of all major and minor nutrients was prevalent among the subjects.
The food frequency consumption pattern showed a low intake of fruits and
vegetables rich in antioxidant vitamins among all subjects, more so in the
experimental subjects.Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure and proteinuria were
significantly higher in mild and severe pre-eclamptic cases as compared to control
group. The blood pressure and proteinuria were significantly higher in severe as
compared to mild cases. The percentage of prevalence of edema was highest in
severe cases than in mild cases and least in control subjects. Haemoglobin levels
were not significantly different between the groups.
Anthropometric measurement showed no significant difference between the
heights of control subjects, mild and severe cases. Antenatal weight and BMI were
found to be higher in mild and severe pre-eclamptic cases as compared to control
group.
Plasma lipid peroxidation levels were significantly higher in mild and
severe pre-eclamptic cases as compared to control subjects. Plasma levels of
ascorbic acid in women with mild and severe pre-eclampsia were significantly
lower than normal pregnancies. Plasma α-tocopherol, β-carotene and retinol levels
were significantly decreased only in severe pre-eclampsia.
Lipid peroxidation levels showed significantly positive correlation with
systolic and diastolic blood pressure and significantly negative correlation with
antioxidant nutrients and gestational age at delivery.
Gestational age at the time of delivery was significantly lower in mild and
severe pre-eclamptic cases as compared to controls. In control group all subjects
delivered at full term, in mild and severe pre-eclamptic cases, preterm deliveries
occurred which were highest in severe cases. In control subjects the percentage of
adverse pregnancy outcome was very less, being only 10% while it was found to
be 50% in mild cases and 87.5 % in severe cases. All three anthropometric
measurements, birth weight, length and head circumference of newborn were
significantly decreased in severe cases as compared to control group. In mild cases
infants length was significantly lower as compared to controls whereas birth
weight and head circumference were lower than control though not significantly
different.
The study shows the lower levels of antioxidant nutrients and increase lipid
peroxidation levels in women with pre-eclampsia as compared to control subjects
which could cause peroxidative damage of vascular endothelium and result in
clinical symptoms of pre-eclampsia. The study shows that as the severity of the
disease increased, there was increased deficiency of antioxidant nutrients.
Thus, it is possible that a good intake of antioxidant nutrient rich diet, antioxidant
supplementation may prevent or retard the progress of the disease. Further studies are needed to
confirm the therapeutic or prophylactic roles of antioxidant vitamins against pre-eclamptic
complications during pregnancy.
 
Date 2016-08-20T12:10:14Z
2016-08-20T12:10:14Z
2003
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier ACHARYA N.G. AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY RAJENDRA NAGAR, HYDERABAD - 500 03 0
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/73151
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf