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Studies on in vitro propagation and mutagenesis in carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L)

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Title Studies on in vitro propagation and mutagenesis in carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L)
 
Creator Qadri, Zahoor Ahmad
 
Contributor Neelofar
 
Subject Carnation, In vitro propagation, Tissue culture, Mutagenesis, Gamma irradiation
 
Description The studies comprised of two experiments on in vitro propagation and
mutagenesis conducted during 2009-11. Experiment-I was conducted to
standardize the protocol for in vitro propagation of two carnation (Dianthus
caryophyllus L.) cultivars viz., ‘Scania’ and ‘Indios’. Different explants tried were
leaf segments, nodal segments, shoot tips and apical shoots. Apical shoots were
also used with or without leaves, besides nodal segments from two environments
i.e., open field and polyhouse. Highest culture asepsis was recorded in shoot tips
followed by nodal segments and leaf segments. Apical shoots without leaves,
nodal segments of 1 cm size and those extracted from polyhouse were less prone
to infection in vitro as compared to explants with 1-2 or 3-5 leaves, having
segment length 2 and 3 cm or extracted from open field, respectively. Sterilization
treatment combination containing bavistin 200 ppm + HgCl2 0.1 % for 3 minutes
dip was superior to all other treatments in recording highest per cent culture
asepsis in both the cultivars. Nodal segment explants survived sterilization
treatments better than other explants. Explants sterilized with treatment
combination bavistin 100 ppm + HgCl2 0.1 % for 2 minutes duration proved best
in recording highest survival per cent. MS medium supplemented with BAP 1.00
+ 2, 4-D 2.00 mg l-1 resulted in best callusing of leaf and nodal segment explants
in terms of minimum days to callus initiation, maximum callus induction and
callus weight per explant in both the cultivars. Regeneration in terms of per cent
calli producing shoots and shoot number callus-1 in both the cultivars was highest
in MS medium supplemented with kinetin 2.00 + NAA 0.50 mg l-1. Regeneration
of shoots was significantly higher in NAA based treatments than IAA. Increased shoot number in NAA based treatments was facilitated by subculturing calli
differentiating shoots on growth regulator free MS medium. The same procedure
evoked no response in calli producing shoots originating from IAA supplemented
growth regulator combinations. Explant shoot tip and nodal segments established
better in MS medium fortified with BAP 1.50 and IAA 0.06 mg l-1 in recording
significantly more number of shoots per explant. Similarly establishment per cent
and shoot number per explant was registered maximum with MS full strength than
½ or ¼ MS. Axillary shoot proliferation was maximum in treatment combination
MS + BAP 0.50 + NAA 0.02 mg l-1 in both the cultivars. Plantlets rooted in all the
auxin concentrations including control, however IBA at 0.75 mg l-1 was superior
in terms of rooting per cent, root number explant -1 and root length. Same
characteristics of rooting behaviour in both the cultivars were recorded
significantly highest on one half Murashige and Skoog medium in combination
with 0.75 mg l-1 IBA than MS full + 0.75 mg l-1 IBA or one fourth MS + 0.75 mg
l-1 IBA. In these amended media cv. ‘Scania’ recorded significantly more per cent
rooting than cv. ‘Indios’. Rooted plantlets survived best during hardening and
under polyhouse on media formulation comprised of perlite + vermiculite (1:1)
mix. Experiment- II was conducted to study the effect of 60Co gamma
irradiation on in vitro cultured shoots of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) cvs.
‘Scania’ and ‘Indios’. In vitro grown shoots of both the varieties were given 5, 10,
20 and 30 Gy gamma irradiation at a dose of 100 Gy minute -1 keeping untreated
shoots as control. Survival at the end of two weeks varied between 35.00 and
29.00 % under 30 Gy dose to 75.00 and 71.00 % under 5 Gy dose as compared to
97.00 and 95.66 % in control for cvs. ‘Scania’ and ‘Indios’, respectively.
Radiation dose of 30 Gy delayed shoot initiation, suppressed shoot proliferation
and multiplication in successive post irradiation propagation cycles. All the
rhizogenesis parameters decreased with the increase in irradiation dose from 5 Gy
to 30 Gy in both the cultivars. Survival %, leaf number and leaf area plant-1 after 4
and 8 weeks under polyhouse conditions was observed lowest in plants developed
from shoots irradiated with 30 Gy. Stomatal size and number mm-2 decreased
significantly in plantlets exposed to 10, 20 or 30 Gy as compared to 5 Gy or 0 Gy
(control). Mutation frequency worked out on the basis of stomatal frequency was
significantly highest in 30 Gy irradiated shoots.
 
Date 2016-08-22T10:25:08Z
2016-08-22T10:25:08Z
2013
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/73239
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher SKUAST