Record Details

EPIDEMIOLOGY, TRANSMISSION, BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES AND MANAGEMENT OF PHYLLODY OF SESAME (Sesamum indicum L.)

KrishiKosh

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Title EPIDEMIOLOGY, TRANSMISSION, BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES AND MANAGEMENT OF PHYLLODY OF SESAME (Sesamum indicum L.)
 
Creator D. M. Pathak
 
Contributor Parakhia A. M.
 
Subject SESAME
PLANT PATHOLOGY
 
Description Sesame or Til (Sesamum indicum L.) belongs to family Pedaliaceae is one of the principal oilseeds in common use in India. Among the several diseases infecting sesame, phyllody seems much prevalent in Gujarat and especially in Saurashtra region. The incidence of phyllody during kharif and summer seasons ranged from 0 to 2.2 per cent and 0 to 4.7 per cent respectively, in scattered manner and spread of disease was very slow and first affected plant was observed at 50 days and maximum at 75 days after sowing.
ABSTRACT
Abstract
The yield contributing characters of sesame (cv. Guj Til–2) plants i.e. plant height, number of capsules per plant, branches per plant, test weight were adversely affected due to phyllody. Losses in yield of sesame depend upon the infection time. Maximum reduction in yield was recorded in plants which were infected at an early stage rather than infected at advanced stage of growth.
The symptoms shown by infected plants include, yellowing, shortening of the internodes with stunted growth, smaller leaves, excessive proliferation of shoots resulting in a phyllody, virescence, sterile flowers, necrosis of the phloem tissues.
Phytoplasmas are phloem limited, therefore, only phloem feeding insects can potentially acquire and transmit the phytoplasmas. Leafhoppers have been confirmed as vectors of phytoplasmas.
Phytoplasmas enter the insect‟s body through the stylet, move through the intestine and are then absorbed in to the haemolymph. From here they proceed to colonise the salivary glands, a process that can take up to three weeks.
No mechanically sap as well as seed transmission was reported but some what 10 per cent transmission through grafting was reported.
Abstract
Phyllody disease increased dry matter, phenol content, transpiration rate in infected parts of plants, while decreased moisture content, chlorophyll content, total nitrogen and crude protein.
Phyllody infection causes hormonal imbalance by altering the normal patterns in hormonal transport or translocation, ultimately resulting in such a drastic morphological, histopathological and anatomical changes.
No totally resistant cultivars found during study. Managed disease by check the vector population through systemic insecticide.
Epidemiology and survey study indicated considerable variation in the disease incidence between the seasons and from place to place. Incidence of phyllody correlated with its vector population, however, vector population build up dependent on temperature and relative humidity.
Abstract
 
Date 2016-09-21T10:47:34Z
2016-09-21T10:47:34Z
2011-01
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/77940
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf