Studies on Fungal Pathogens of Vanilla with Special Reference to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. and Sacc.
KrishiKosh
View Archive InfoField | Value | |
Title |
Studies on Fungal Pathogens of Vanilla with Special Reference to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. and Sacc.
|
|
Creator |
S.Ashoka
|
|
Contributor |
Yashoda R.Hegde
|
|
Subject |
Plant Pathology
|
|
Description |
crop mainly grown in Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. It is cultivated for its beans containing vanillin. Vanilla crop is affected by many pathogens in Karnataka. The pathogens were isolated from infected parts of vanilla colleted from four districts of Karnataka. On the basis of morphological and cultural studies, the pathogens were identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz) Penz. and Sacc., Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht, Rhizoctonia sp. and Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. Incidence of C. gloeosporioides and F. oxysporum was observed in all four districts viz., Shimoga, Uttar Kannada, Dharwad and Belgaum whereas Rhizoctonia sp. and S. rolfsii incidence was observed in Shimoga and Uttara Kannada districts respectively. Lower incidence of C. gloeosporioides and F. oxysporum and absence of S. rolfsii and Rhizoctonia sp. was observed under shade net conditions. Partial and discontinuous wilting was observed in few places of Sagar taluk of Shimoga district which was due to mixed infection of C. gloeosporioides and F. oxysporum. In the host pathogen interaction C. gloeosporioides caused rotting of stem upto 15 cm from soil level in 45 days, F. oxysporum caused rapid wilting, Rhizoctonia sp. caused shredding of stem and S. rolfsii caused girdling of stem. Rotting of shoot tip was observed wherever F. oxysporum was used with other pathogens. The conidia of C. gloeosporioides were single celled, hyaline, straight, cylindrical or oval, measuring 15 x 3.50 μm. Potato dextrose agar and Richards’ agar supported maximum radial growth and Richards’ broth supported maximum dry mycelial weight of C. gloeosporioides on 12th day of incubation. The temperature of 300C, 12 h light and 12 h darkness and pH 6.0 were found to be best for the fungal growth. Under in vitro conditions, neem leaf extract at 10 per cent concentration and Trichoderma harzianum were able to reduce the growth of pathogen to a remarkable extent. Systemic fungicides viz., triadimefon, benomyl, prochloraz and combiproduct, Carbendazim 12% + Mancozeb 63% were effective in completely inhibiting the growth of pathogen at all three concentrations (0.1, 0.05 and 0.025%). Non-systemic fungicides viz., mancozeb and copper sulphate at 0.30 per cent were found effective in inhibiting growth of pathogen to a remarkable extent. |
|
Date |
2016-10-24T18:32:54Z
2016-10-24T18:32:54Z 2005 |
|
Type |
Thesis
|
|
Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/81641
|
|
Format |
application/pdf
|
|
Publisher |
UAS, Dharwad
|
|