STUDIES ON COLLETOTRICHUM BLIGHT OF CHICKPEA
KrishiKosh
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Title |
STUDIES ON COLLETOTRICHUM BLIGHT OF CHICKPEA
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Creator |
UDAY KRISHNA, S
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Contributor |
SARADA JAYALAKSHMI DEVI, R
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Subject |
STUDIES, COLLETOTRICHUM, BLIGHT, CHICKPEA
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Description |
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the major legume pulse crop of India and other semi-arid regions of the World. Chickpea is severely affected by Colletotrichum blight caused by Colletotrichum dematium (Persoon) Grove. and Colletotrichum capsici (Sydow) Butler & Bisby., in Kurnool, Prakasam and Anantapur districts of Andhra Pradesh during rabi 2009 and 2010 due to heavy unusual rains which resulted in failure of the crop in many areas and led to re-sowing of crops in some areas. There is no research on Colletotrichum blight of chickpea in Andhra Pradesh as the disease occurred in severe form in recent years. Hence, studies were conducted in the present investigation on Colletotrichum blight of chickpea. An intensive roving survey was conducted on Colletotrichum blight in major chickpea growing mandals of Kurnool, Anantapur, Prakasam districts and parts of Kadapa and Nellore districts during rabi 2011-12 and the results indicated that the disease incidence ranged from 0 to 90 per cent with maximum disease incidence of 76.5 per cent was observed in Nellore district followed by Prakasam district (41.8%) while minimum per cent disease incidence was recorded in Anantapur district (6.3%) followed by Kurnool district (7.2%). The pathogen was isolated from infected plants from farmers’ fields of Nandyal region, Kurnool district showing the typical Colletotrichum blight xiv symptoms viz., brown necrotic lesions on basal stem, circular brown lesions on leaves, circular to enlarged brown lesions with acervuli in concentric rings on pods, blightning, wilting and drying of infected plants. The pathogen was purified by single spore isolation method after confirming the pathogenicity and identified as Colletotrichum capsici by Indian type culture collection centre (ITCC), IARI, New Delhi and Agharkar Research Institute (ARI), Pune. Sensitivity of C. capsici to different fungicides viz., mancozeb (0.25%), carbendazim (0.05% and 0.1%), SAAF (carbendazim + mancozeb) (0.2%), chlorothalonil (0.2% and 0.3%), hexaconazole (0.2%), thiophanate methyl (0.1%), copper oxy chloride (0.3%) and tebuconazole (0.1%) was assessed in poisoned food technique. Mancozeb, hexaconazole, tebuconazole were found to be effective which inhibited the growth of the pathogen completely (100%) whereas chlorothalonil (0.2%) and copper oxy chloride showed the least efficacy with inhibition of 69.7 and 67.1 per cent, respectively. The bio-control agent T. koningii showed the highest rate of inhibition (85.7%) compared to T. viride (74.8%) in dual culture technique. In integrated disease management, seed treatment with carbendazim @ 2g/kg + foliar spray with SAAF (12% carbendazim+ 63% mancozeb) @ 0.2% immediately after onset of disease + foliar spray with SAAF (12% carbendazim + 63% mancozeb) @ 0.2% 15 days after the first spray was found to be effective as it recorded the least PDI of 15.5 per cent, maximum plant height (20.7 cm), maximum shoot dry weight (7.1 g) and maximum root dry weight (0.24 g) while the treatment T2 (Seed treatment with Trichoderma viride @ 4 g/kg) was found to be the least effective with PDI of 38.8 per cent in pot culture studies. In field experiment there was no incidence of disease due to prevailing weather parameters viz., rainfall (15.1 mm), mean relative humidity (77.6%), mean maximum temperature of 32.9C and mean minimum temperature (21.9C) recorded during the crop season at Nandyal region, Kurnool district. Among 30 Chickpea genotypes (pre released cultures and varieties) screened against blight disease of Chickpea in pot culture none of them was found to be immune or resistant. All the genotypes showed intermediate to susceptible reaction to Colletotrichum blight. ICCV-37, JAKI-9218, JG-315, KAK-2, NBeG-1, NBeG-3, NBeG-20, NBeG-106, NBeG-147, NBeG-398, NBeG-399, NBeG-401 and VIHAR were showed intermediate reaction while NBeG-390, NBeG-108, NBeG-102, NBeG-49 and JG-62 showed susceptible reaction to Colletotrichum blight. Disease was not recorded in the field experiment of screening genotypes (pre released cultures and varieties) against the pathogen as weather parameters recorded were uncongenial for the growth and multiplication of the pathogen. |
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Date |
2016-09-02T14:41:05Z
2016-09-02T14:41:05Z 2012 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/75205
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Language |
en
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Relation |
D9471;
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Format |
application/pdf
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Publisher |
ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD
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