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STUDIES ON COLLETOTRICHUM BLIGHT OF CHICKPEA

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Title STUDIES ON COLLETOTRICHUM BLIGHT OF CHICKPEA
 
Creator UDAY KRISHNA, S
 
Contributor SARADA JAYALAKSHMI DEVI, R
 
Subject STUDIES, COLLETOTRICHUM, BLIGHT, CHICKPEA
 
Description Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the major legume pulse crop of
India and other semi-arid regions of the World. Chickpea is severely affected
by Colletotrichum blight caused by Colletotrichum dematium (Persoon)
Grove. and Colletotrichum capsici (Sydow) Butler & Bisby., in Kurnool,
Prakasam and Anantapur districts of Andhra Pradesh during rabi 2009 and
2010 due to heavy unusual rains which resulted in failure of the crop in many
areas and led to re-sowing of crops in some areas. There is no research on
Colletotrichum blight of chickpea in Andhra Pradesh as the disease occurred
in severe form in recent years. Hence, studies were conducted in the present
investigation on Colletotrichum blight of chickpea.
An intensive roving survey was conducted on Colletotrichum blight in
major chickpea growing mandals of Kurnool, Anantapur, Prakasam districts and
parts of Kadapa and Nellore districts during rabi 2011-12 and the results
indicated that the disease incidence ranged from 0 to 90 per cent with
maximum disease incidence of 76.5 per cent was observed in Nellore district
followed by Prakasam district (41.8%) while minimum per cent disease
incidence was recorded in Anantapur district (6.3%) followed by Kurnool
district (7.2%).
The pathogen was isolated from infected plants from farmers’ fields of
Nandyal region, Kurnool district showing the typical Colletotrichum blight
xiv
symptoms viz., brown necrotic lesions on basal stem, circular brown lesions
on leaves, circular to enlarged brown lesions with acervuli in concentric rings
on pods, blightning, wilting and drying of infected plants. The pathogen was
purified by single spore isolation method after confirming the pathogenicity
and identified as Colletotrichum capsici by Indian type culture collection
centre (ITCC), IARI, New Delhi and Agharkar Research Institute (ARI),
Pune.
Sensitivity of C. capsici to different fungicides viz., mancozeb (0.25%),
carbendazim (0.05% and 0.1%), SAAF (carbendazim + mancozeb) (0.2%),
chlorothalonil (0.2% and 0.3%), hexaconazole (0.2%), thiophanate methyl
(0.1%), copper oxy chloride (0.3%) and tebuconazole (0.1%) was assessed in
poisoned food technique. Mancozeb, hexaconazole, tebuconazole were found
to be effective which inhibited the growth of the pathogen completely (100%)
whereas chlorothalonil (0.2%) and copper oxy chloride showed the least
efficacy with inhibition of 69.7 and 67.1 per cent, respectively.
The bio-control agent T. koningii showed the highest rate of inhibition
(85.7%) compared to T. viride (74.8%) in dual culture technique.
In integrated disease management, seed treatment with carbendazim
@ 2g/kg + foliar spray with SAAF (12% carbendazim+ 63% mancozeb)
@ 0.2% immediately after onset of disease + foliar spray with SAAF (12%
carbendazim + 63% mancozeb) @ 0.2% 15 days after the first spray was
found to be effective as it recorded the least PDI of 15.5 per cent, maximum
plant height (20.7 cm), maximum shoot dry weight (7.1 g) and maximum root
dry weight (0.24 g) while the treatment T2 (Seed treatment with Trichoderma
viride @ 4 g/kg) was found to be the least effective with PDI of 38.8 per cent
in pot culture studies.
In field experiment there was no incidence of disease due to prevailing
weather parameters viz., rainfall (15.1 mm), mean relative humidity (77.6%),
mean maximum temperature of 32.9C and mean minimum temperature
(21.9C) recorded during the crop season at Nandyal region, Kurnool district.
Among 30 Chickpea genotypes (pre released cultures and varieties)
screened against blight disease of Chickpea in pot culture none of them was
found to be immune or resistant. All the genotypes showed intermediate to
susceptible reaction to Colletotrichum blight. ICCV-37, JAKI-9218, JG-315,
KAK-2, NBeG-1, NBeG-3, NBeG-20, NBeG-106, NBeG-147, NBeG-398,
NBeG-399, NBeG-401 and VIHAR were showed intermediate reaction while
NBeG-390, NBeG-108, NBeG-102, NBeG-49 and JG-62 showed susceptible
reaction to Colletotrichum blight.
Disease was not recorded in the field experiment of screening
genotypes (pre released cultures and varieties) against the pathogen as
weather parameters recorded were uncongenial for the growth and
multiplication of the pathogen.
 
Date 2016-09-02T14:41:05Z
2016-09-02T14:41:05Z
2012
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/75205
 
Language en
 
Relation D9471;
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD