EFFECT OF PHYTOSTEROL SUPPLEMENTED HEALTH FOOD (PAPAYA FRUIT BAR) ON LDL LEVELS – A PILOT STUDY
KrishiKosh
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Title |
EFFECT OF PHYTOSTEROL SUPPLEMENTED HEALTH FOOD (PAPAYA FRUIT BAR) ON LDL LEVELS – A PILOT STUDY
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Creator |
SAILAJA, P.S.S.
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Contributor |
SUPRAJA, T.
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Subject |
organic compounds, fruits, sampling, biological phenomena, acidity, diseases, planting, papayas, productivity, research methods
PHYTOSTEROL, HEALTH FOOD, PAPAYA FRUIT BAR, LDL LEVELS |
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Description |
Phytosterols exist as naturally occurring plant sterols that are present in the nonsaponifiable fraction of plant oils. Phytosterols are plant components that have a chemical structure similar to cholesterol except for the addition of an extra methyl or ethyl group; however, phytosterol absorption in humans is considerably less than that of cholesterol. Phytosterols (plant sterols and stanols) are well known for their total cholesterol and LDLcholesterol lowering effect. The study was conducted to investigate the effect of the papaya fruit bar containing phytosterols on total and LDL- cholesterol levels in subjects with hypercholesterolemia. The main objective of this study was to develop a phytosterol enriched papaya fruit bar and to examine the efficacy of phytosterols on lipid profile of hypercholesterolemic subjects. Phytosterol enriched papaya fruit bar samples namely control, T1, T2 and T3 were prepared and standardized. Phytosterol powder was incorporated in the ratio of 1.5, 2, 2.5g/50gm of test samples (T1, T2, T3) respectively. The developed products were subjected to organoleptic evaluation for parameters like (colour /appearance, flavour, taste, texture/consistency and overall acceptability) by 11 trained panel of members. After product development and acceptability studies, it was observed that the product T1 (combination of papaya pulp (100g), sugar(20%), liquid glucose (10%), 0.3% citric acid and phytosterol powder (1.5g/50g) was found to be superior in all aspects. Hence T1 product was selected for further study. Control and experimental (T1) products were studied for their physico-chemical, nutritional analysis and shelf life (Microbial analysis) studies. Results showed that, there was a slight variation between the experimental and control values when the products were subjected to organoleptic evaluation for parameters like colour/appearance, flavour, taste, texture/consistency and overall acceptability. Slight decrease in all the sensory parametres of T1 and control was observed from 0 day to 60th day. The developed phytosterol enriched papaya fruit bar was subjected to physico-chemical analysis and the results showed that there was a slight variation between the experimental and control values of fiber, ash, reducing sugars, total sugars, carotenoids, fat, TSS, pH and titrable acidity. Moisture, protein and vitamin-c percent of control and experimental bars was almost same. The developed Phytosterol enriched papaya fruit bars control and T1 were packed in aluminum foil followed by BOPP covers and stored in an air tight container for further analysis. Results of microbial analysis showed no mould growth on storage of T1 (experimental) and control samples at 0, 30th and 60th day. At dilution rate of 10-1 cfu g/ml, 0.50 cfu g/ml of bacteria in control and 0.20 cfu g/ml in T1 (experimental) were observed after 60 days of storage. Though the TBC has increased on 60th day, it was well under permissible limits indicating that phytosterol incorporated (1.5g) fruit bars are safe for consumption up to 60 days after preparation. A study was carried out to observe the change in the lipid profile (TC, TG, HDL and LDL) of the subjects on supplementation of the product for a period of one month. Twelve subjects were selected within the age group of 20-25 years. The selected subjects were divided into 2 groups control and experimental of six members each. The control group was supplemented with papaya fruit bar without phytosterol and the experimental group was supplemented with phytosterol enriched papaya fruit bar (1.5g/50gm) for 30 days. Fasting blood samples were drawn from the subjects on the 0 day and after 30 days in the mornings between 8am and 9am. Lipid profile (Total cholesterol, TG, HDL and LDL) was determined in samples collected before and at the end of the experimental period in both the groups using CHOD-PAP, GPO-PAP, and PEG-CHOD-PAP methods (Herbet, K et al., 1984). Supplementation of phytosterol enriched papaya fruit bar to the experimental group, brought a significant difference in total cholesterol of 6.12% from 0 day (224.36±5.28 mg/dl) to 30th day (210.61±7.45 mg/dl). The amount of triglycerides also significantly decreased at 6.21% from 0 day (185.46±10.48 mg/dl) to 30th day (173.93±9.94 mg/dl).The rate of decrease of HDL cholesterol is 0.41% from 0 day (52.84±4.53 mg/dl) to 30th day (52.62±3.83 mg/dl). Whereas reduction rate of LDL cholesterol is 9.05% from 0 day (144.13±3.68 mg/dl) to 30th day (131.08±4.54 mg/dl). Results also showed that very little difference was observed in control group fed with plain papaya fruit bar without phytosterol i.e., 0.14% in total cholesterol from 0 day (224.16±2.78 mg/dl) to 30th day (223.84±2.67 mg/dl), 0.90% in triglycerides from 0 day (198.29±16.83 mg/dl) to 30th day (196.49±16.86 mg/dl), 2.31% in LDL-cholesterol from 0 day (129.78±6.51 mg/dl) to 30th day (126.78±3.68 mg/dl) and increase in HDL-cholesterol was observed by 0.35% from 0 day (45.56±8.12 mg/dl) to 30th day (45.72±8.25 mg/dl). Phytosterol supplementation showed significant impact on the lipid profile of human subjects. Phytosterols efficacy at the dose of 1.5g in the form of papaya fruit bar for 30days could reduce the plasma levels of TC, LDL-C. These results indicate that phytosterol enriched food products could be a good vehicle for reducing plasma cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic subjects. |
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Date |
2016-06-08T13:15:49Z
2016-06-08T13:15:49Z 2012 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/67007
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Language |
en
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Relation |
;D9258
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Format |
application/pdf
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Publisher |
ACHARYA N. G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
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