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MORPHOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND ISOZYME CHARACTERIZATION IN SAPOTA (Manilkara achras (Mill.) Fosberg) GERMPLASM ACCESSIONS USING PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS

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Title MORPHOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND ISOZYME CHARACTERIZATION IN SAPOTA (Manilkara achras (Mill.) Fosberg) GERMPLASM ACCESSIONS USING PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS
 
Creator RAJASEKHAR, MARRI
 
Contributor RAGHAVA RAO, D. V.
 
Subject MORPHOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL, ISOZYME, CHARACTERIZATION, SAPOTA, GERMPLASM
 
Description Sapota is one of the important and remunerative fruits grown in the country and
Andhra Pradesh is one of the important growers. However, systematic work regarding
characterization of sapota germplasm and study of genetic diversity is limited in India.
Hence, the present investigation was conducted at Horticultural Research Station,
Venkataramannagudem, during the years 2006-2008 on 25 genotypes of sapota, planted
during 1996.
The genotypes studied recorded erect, semi-erect and spreading type of tree
growth habit, while the tree shapes were found to be broadly pyramidal, spherical, semicircular,
elliptical and irregular. Verticillate, horizontal and irregular branching pattern
and sparse to dense branching were also observed to a limited extent.
The fruit weight of sapota genotypes ranged from 44.83 g (Ulavapadu Selection)
to 198.74 g (Cricket Ball), while the mean fruit weight was 96.63 g. The range of fruit
yield/tree recorded was 26.20 kg/tree (CO – 2) to 93.35 kg/tree (PKM – 3), while the
mean fruit yield was found to be 57.66 kg/tree. The various fruit shapes among the
genotypes were found to be turbinate, acron, globose, oblong, elliptical and oval, while
the flesh colour recorded was greenish brown, brown, yellowish brown and reddish
brown.
The range of TSS content in fruits was observed to be 20.20O brix (Cricket Ball)
to 24.30O brix (Pala), while the total sugars content of sapota genotypes ranged from
8.21 per cent (Badami) to 11.93 per cent (Pala). The ascorbic acid content of the sapota
genotypes studied in the present investigation varied from 5.12 mg/100g (Dwarapudi) to
11.37 mg/100g (Kalipatti), while the total phenols content ranged from 0.2 mg/100g
(Pala) to 0.78 mg/100g (Dwarapudi).
Peroxidase isozyme was found to be the most efficient in identifying 15 out of 25
genotypes studied, while a combination of peroxidase with either polyphenol oxidase or
catalase isozymes was found to efficiently distinguish all the 25 sapota genotypes studied
in the present investigation.
Genetic studies indicated high variability, heritability and genetic advance for the
characters, namely, leaf area, fruit weight, fruit shape, seed number/fruit, seed weight,
pulp:seed ratio, total soluble solids, sugar:acid ratio, ascorbic acid and total phenols
indicating the effectiveness of direct phenotypic selection for improvement of these traits
in sapota.
Principal component (PC) analysis revealed contribution of maximum variance
by PC I and major characters contributing to formation of the PC’s were also identified,
while the dendrogram constructed resulted in formation of six clusters in all the three
sets of PC analyses. Clustering of the fruit and biochemical characters revealed higher
number of genotypes (nine) in Cluster I (Badami, Gede Sapota, Kalipatti, PKM – 2,
Tagarampudi, Singapore, Krishna Rao, Calcutta Round and Dwarapudi), followed by six
in Cluster V (Gutti, Pakala Round, Pala, Kirthibarthi, Ulavapadu Selection and DHS – 2)
while lower number of genotypes (one) were recorded for Cluster VI (CO - 2).
From the results obtained from the present investigation on morphological and
biochemical characterization of sapota genotypes in this study, a vision is obtained about
the extent of variability in sapota genotypes. It was found that qualitative and
quantitative traits of fruit could be employed in determining the level of variation and the
25 genotypes studied could be grouped into six clusters.
 
Date 2016-07-30T10:15:38Z
2016-07-30T10:15:38Z
2009
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/70204
 
Language en
 
Relation 2009;
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD