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STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF CHEMICALS, BIOAGENTS AND SEED COAT POLYMERS ON SOIL BORNE DISEASES OF CASTOR AND GROUNDNUT

KrishiKosh

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Title STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF CHEMICALS, BIOAGENTS AND SEED COAT POLYMERS ON SOIL BORNE DISEASES OF CASTOR AND GROUNDNUT
 
Creator RAKESH, P
 
Contributor UMA DEVI, G
 
Subject sowing, fungi, polysaccharides, polymers, germinability, diseases, pathogens, seed treatment, biological development, fungicides
 
Description Castor (Ricinus communis L.) and groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) are the two
important oilseed crops grown in India. Of the various soil borne diseases, the wilt caused
by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ricini in castor and the collar rot caused by Aspergillus
niger in groundnut are the major diseases. The study was aimed at developing best seed
coating combination using seed coat polymers, effective fungicide and potential biocontrol
agent for the management of these diseases along with promoting the plant growth.
The immediate goal was to determine the influence of both synthetic polymers and
biopolymers on the germination and vigour of castor and groundnut. In castor and
groundnut among all the treatments, seed treated with chitosan @ 0.25% and synthetic
polymer-II @ 0.3% were recorded highest seed germination, root length, shoot length,
vigour index-I, fresh weight, dry weight and vigour index-II when compared to other
polymers and control. Both castor and groundnut seeds were coated with chitosan @
0.25% and synthetic polymer-II @ 0.3% and stored under ambient conditions to find out
the effect of seed coat polymers on castor and groundnut when stored at different storage
intervals. The treated seeds were subjected to monthly evaluation for their germination and
vigour. Among the two seed coat polymers, chitosan @ 0.25% was significant in
maintaining the quality of castor and groundnut seed when compared to control.
The effect of polymers was tested on wilt pathogen of castor and collar rot pathogen
of groundnut separately by soil inoculation in pot culture studies. The chitosan (0.25%)
coated castor and groundnut seeds were grown in F. oxysporum f. sp. ricini and
Aspergillus niger inoculated soil respectively there was significant difference in per cent
germination, vigou index-I and vigour index-II with minimum per cent disease incidence
of 34.60 and 68.80 respectively, when compared to synthetic polymer-II and control.
The efficacy of fungicides with different concentrations and biocontrol agents viz.,
Trichoderma harzianum Th4d and Trichoderma asperellum TaDOR 7316 were tested
against F. oxysporum f. sp. ricini and A. niger separately. Carbendazim against F.
oxysporum f. sp. ricini and vitavax+thiram against A. niger recorded cent per cent
inhibition at all concentrations tested and Trichoderma harzianum Th4d against F.
oxysporum f. sp. ricini and Trichoderma asperellum TaDOR 7316 against A. niger showed
maximum inhibition of the pathogen.
From the findings the effective fungicide (carbendazim) and potential biocontrol
agent Trichoderma harzianum Th4d against F. oxysporum f. sp. ricini and as well as the
effective fungicide (vitavax+thiram) and potential biocontrol agent Trichoderma
asperellum TaDOR 7316 against A. niger were selected for further studies and made
different combinations with polymer, fungicide and biocontrol agents against the both
pathogens separately. Studies on the combination of the effective fungicide carbendazim @
0.1% and potential biocontrol agent T. harzianum Th4d @ 1% and seed coat polymers
chitosan @ 0.25% and synthetic seed coat polymer-II @ 0.3% against castor wilt pathogen
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ricini both under in vitro and in vivo conditions indicated that
chitosan+carbendazim+T. harzianum Th4d combination was effective in reducing the wilt
disease incidence in castor. Similarly studies on the combination of the effective fungicide
vitavax+thiram @ 0.2% and potential biocontrol agent T. asperellum TaDOR 7316 @ 1%
and seed coat polymers chitosan @ 0.25% and synthetic seed coat polymer-II @ 0.3%
against groundnut collar rot pathogen Aspergillus niger both under in vitro and in vivo
conditions indicated that chitosan+vitavax+thiram+T. asperellum TaDOR 7316
combination was effective in reducing the collar rot disease incidence in groundnut.
 
Date 2017-01-03T14:57:38Z
2017-01-03T14:57:38Z
2015
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/94183
 
Language en
 
Relation D9894;
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher PROFESSOR JAYASHANKAR TELANGANA STATE AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD