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GENETIC DIVERSITY, HETEROSIS, COMBINING ABILITY AND STABILITY ANALYSIS FOR YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN PURPLE BRINJAL (Solanum melongena L.).

KrishiKosh

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Title GENETIC DIVERSITY, HETEROSIS, COMBINING ABILITY AND STABILITY ANALYSIS FOR YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN PURPLE BRINJAL (Solanum melongena L.).
 
Creator V.CHAITANYA
 
Contributor Dr. K. RAVINDER REDDY
 
Subject Genetic diversity, heterosis, combining ability , stability analysis
 
Description The present investigation entitled “Genetic diversity, heterosis, combining ability and stability analysis for yield and yield components in purple brinjal” was undertaken to identify diverse parents, study the combining ability, heterosis and stability of experimental hybrids for yield and yield components in brinjal.
During rabi 2012, fifty one genotypes were evaluated for genetic diversity at Vegetable Research Station, Dr.Y.S.R. Horticultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad. On the basis of the mean performance of the genotypes among traits studied, the following were identified as promising lines for further crop improvement in brinjal viz., A14 (IC-281104), A43 (IC-439263), A44 (IC-090084) and A47 (IC-090084-2).
Based on genetic variability studies, high PCV and GCV and high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean were recorded for fruit length, fruit width, average fruit weight, total number of fruits per plant, number of marketable fruits per plant, total yield per plant, marketable yield per plant and ascorbic acid content indicating the existence of wider genetic variability for these traits in the genotypes under study.
The traits ascorbic acid content, average fruit weight and total number of fruits per plant were the major contributors towards divergence. Based on Mahalanobis D2 analysis the fifty one genotypes were grouped in to eight clusters. The pattern of distribution of genotypes into various clusters revealed that there was no relationship between geographical distribution and genetic diversity. Greater genetic divergence was between clusters V and VIII, suggested exploitation of these two clusters by intermating genotypes in a definite breeding designs to explore the fullest range of heterosis and to realize good recombinant lines. Based on this study horticulturally superior genotypes viz., A14 IC-281104, A2 IC-021621, A22 IC-127024, A47 IC-090084-2, A48 IC-090084-4, A36 IC-090783-3 and A3 IC-23771 were selected for hybridization programme as they were expected to produce high heterotic crosses.
Correlation and path coefficient analysis studies revealed positive correlation and direct effect on marketable fruit yield per plant exhibited through fruit length, average fruit weight, total number of fruits per plant and number of marketable fruits per plant.
Seven parental lines thus identified were crossed in half diallel fashion during summer, 2013. The resultant twenty one crosses along with seven parents and two checks (Chhaya and Utkarsha) were evaluated in three seasons viz., kharif, rabi and summer, 2013-14 for combining ability, heterosis and stability studies so as to identify the promising F1 hybrids with high productivity, good fruit quality and wide adaptability for commercial exploitation.
The pooled analysis of variance for combining ability analysis revealed significant differences due to environments, parents, hybrids and various interactions indicating the existence of wider variability in the material under studied. The ratios of GCA / SCA variances revealed that non-additive gene action was predominant in the inheritance of all the characters except fruit length, fruit width and average fruit weight. Hence heterosis breeding is ideal to improve these traits.
The gca effects of the parents in pooled analysis revealed that P2 IC-021621 was found to be promising general combiner for marketable fruit yield per plant and other traits and P6 (IC-090783-3) was a good general combiner for earliness attributes whereas P1 (IC-281104) was a good general combiner for days to last fruit harvest and less incidence of fruit and shoot borer infestation on fruits. Based on significant sca effects, five hybrids viz., C3 (IC-281104× IC-090084-2), C11 (IC-021621× IC-23771), C13 (IC-127024 × IC-090084-4), C16 (IC-090084-2× IC-090084-4) and C21 (IC-090783-3× IC-23771) were identified as promising for marketable fruit yield per plant and other yield contributing characters.
Based on per se performance, sca effects, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis for yield and its attributes in pooled analysis, five cross combinations viz., C3 (IC-281104× IC-090084-2), C11 (IC-021621× IC-23771), C13 (IC-127024 × IC-090084-4), C16 (IC-090084-2 × IC-090084-4) and C21 (IC-090783-3 × IC-23771) proved to be superior for yield and yield contributing characters.
Among the seasons, rabi was found to be the best season for growing brinjal as observed from the highest positive environmental indices for most of the growth and yield attributing characters besides manifestation of desirably negative environmental index for fruit and shoot borer infestation on fruits. The hybrids C3 (IC-281104× IC-090084-2), C11(IC-021621× IC-23771), C13 (IC-127024 × IC-090084-4) and C21 (IC-090783-3 × IC-23771) are identified as stable with desirable sca effects, heterosis and per se performance for marketable yield per plant and other important attributes. These hybrids may be further tested over locations, seasons and years and recommended for commercial release.
 
Date 2016-07-25T10:39:55Z
2016-07-25T10:39:55Z
2015-01
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/69667
 
Language en
 
Format application/msword
 
Publisher Dr.Y.S.R. HORTICULTURAL UNIVERSITY