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First report of alstroemeria wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum in India.

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Title First report of alstroemeria wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum in India.
 
Creator Shanmugam, V
Kumar, Sanjay
Singh , M K
Verma, R
Ajit, N S
Sharma, V
 
Subject Plant sciences
 
Description Hybrids of Alstroemeria
spp. (Alstroemeriaceae), commonly called Peruvian
Lily, are an exotic, rhizomatous and perennial cut flower crop widely cultivated under protection in India. Nine hybrids (cvs Alladin, Amor, Capri, Cinderella, Pluto, Rosita, Serena, Tiara and No. 14) were procured from three
locations in India by the Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT) in 2000–2001. During cultivation, plants of all cultivars exhibited
leaf chlorosis and slight vein clearing on outer leaflets, followed by leaf yellowing and abscission, discolouration of stem vascular tissue and death.
Fusarium oxysporum was consistently isolated when sections of discoloured stem vascular tissue were surface sterilised (2% sodium hypochlorite) and incubated on potato dextrose agar or carnation leaf agar. Single-spore isolates were identified based on morphological characters
(Nelson et al., 1983). Conidiophores were unbranched or branched short monophialides. Microconidia were abundant, generally single celled, oval to kidney shaped and produced only in false heads 5–12 × 3–3·5 μ m.
Macroconidia were abundant, slightly sickle-shaped and thin-walled, with an attenuated apical cell and a foot-shaped basal cell 35·0–60·0×3·0–5·0 μ m.
Chlamydospores were single or in pairs and profusely distributed. Thepresence of chlamydospores and microconidia borne in false heads
on short monophialides distinguished the fungus from closely related Fusarium species. The culture has been deposited in the Microbial Type Culture Collection (MTCC 7677) of the Institute of Microbial Technology,
Chandigarh, India. The identity of the culture was also established by PCR amplification and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)
region (White et al ., 1990) (GenBank Acc. No. AM 261761).
Pathogenicity tests were done twice in a screen house on 8-week-old plants of cv. No. 14. Wounded roots were submerged for 10 min in a conidial suspension (1 ×10 6 conidia per mL in sterile tap water), while control plants were dipped in sterile tap water. Seedlings were transplanted
into pots and maintained in a polytunnel. Symptoms observed on inoculated
plants were similar to those in commercial glasshouses, including
leaf wilt (3 weeks after inoculation), chlorosis, necrosis and plant death.
The pathogen was re-isolated from the stems of affected inoculated plants
to confirm Koch’s postulates. The control plants did not exhibit symptoms.
Root rot complex of alstroemeria caused by
F. oxysporum in association with
Pythium irregulare and Rhizoctonia solani
was earlier reported in Canada (Chang & Mirza, 1993) and Germany (Chang et al ., 1994). This is the first report of
Fusarium oxysporum causing alstroemeria wilt in India.
 
Publisher Blackwell Publishing, 9600 Garsington Rd, Oxford OX4 2DQ, Oxon, England.
 
Date 2007
 
Type Article
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Identifier http://ihbt.csircentral.net/166/1/als.pdf
Shanmugam, V and Kumar, Sanjay and Singh , M K and Verma, R and Ajit, N S and Sharma, V (2007) First report of alstroemeria wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum in India. Plant Pathology, 56 (4). p. 727. ISSN 0032-0862
 
Relation http://ihbt.csircentral.net/166/