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Inhibition of major virulence pathways of Streptococcus mutans by Quercitrin and Deoxynojirimycin: a synergistic approach of infection control

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Title Inhibition of major virulence pathways of Streptococcus mutans by Quercitrin and Deoxynojirimycin: a synergistic approach of infection control
 
Creator Hasan, Sadaf
Singh, Kunal
Danisuddin, Mohd
Verma, Praveen K.
Khan, Asad U.
 
Subject Quercitrin
Deoxynojirimycin
Streptococcus mutans
Infection Control
 
Description Accepted date: February 13, 2014
OBJECTIVES:

To evaluate the synergistic effect of Quercitrin and Deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) together with their individual inhibitory effect against virulence pathways of Streptococcus mutans.
METHODOLOGY:

MICs of both the compounds were determined by the microdilution method, followed by their in vitrosynergy using checkerboard and time kill assay. The nature of interaction was classified as synergistic on the basis of fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) value of ≤0.5. Furthermore, the activity of Quercitrin and DNJ was evaluated individually and in combination against various cariogenic properties of S. mutans UA159 such as acidogenesis, aciduracity, glucan production, hydrophobicity, biofilm and adherence. Moreover, expression of virulent genes in S. mutans was analysed by quantitative RT- PCR (qRT-PCR) and inhibition of F1F0-ATPase, lactate dehydrogenase and enolase was also evaluated. Finally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate structural obliteration of biofilm.
RESULTS:

The in vitro synergism between Quercitrin and DNJ was observed, with a FICI of 0.313. Their MIC values were found to be 64 μg/ml and 16 μg/ml respectively. The synergistic combination consistently showed best activity against all the virulence factors as compared to Quercitrin and DNJ individually. A reduction in glucan synthesis and biofilm formation was observed at different phases of growth. The qRT-PCR revealed significant downregulation of various virulent genes. Electron micrographs depicted the obliteration of biofilm as compared to control and the activity of cariogenic enzymes was also inhibited.
CONCLUSIONS:

The whole study reflects a prospective role of Quercitrin and DNJ in combination as a potent anticariogenic agent against S. mutans.
This study was supported by internal funds of Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University and Indian Councel of Medical Research
grant no. 59/6/2009/BMS/TRM to AUK. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
 
Date 2015-12-16T06:40:05Z
2015-12-16T06:40:05Z
2014
 
Type Article
 
Identifier PLoS One, 9(3): e91736
1932-6203
http://172.16.0.77:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/412
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0091736
10.1371/journal.pone.0091736
 
Language en_US
 
Publisher PLOS