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New insight-guided approaches to detect, cure, prevent and eliminate malaria

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Title New insight-guided approaches to detect, cure, prevent and eliminate malaria
 
Creator Kumar, Sushil
Kumari, Renu
Pandey, Richa
 
Subject Artemisinin resistance marker
Hypnozoiticidals
REEAD diagnostic
Mosquito killers
Mosquito repellents
RTS
S+AMA1 vaccine
Schizonticidals
Transmission blockers
 
Description Accepted date: 1 September 2014
New challenges posed by the development of resistance against artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) as well as previous first-line therapies, and the continuing absence of vaccine, have given impetus to research in all areas of malaria control. This review portrays the ongoing progress in several directions of malaria research. The variants of RTS,S and apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1) are being developed and test adapted as multicomponent and multistage malaria control vaccines, while many other vaccine candidates and methodologies to produce antigens are under experimentation. To track and prevent the spread of artemisinin resistance from Southeast Asia to other parts of the world, rolling circle-enhanced enzyme activity detection (REEAD), a time- and cost-effective malaria diagnosis in field conditions, and a DNA marker associated with artemisinin resistance have become available. Novel mosquito repellents and mosquito trapping and killing techniques much more effective than the prevalent ones are undergoing field testing. Mosquito lines stably infected with their symbiotic wild-type or genetically engineered bacteria that kill sympatric malaria parasites are being constructed and field tested for stopping malaria transmission. A complementary approach being pursued is the addition of ivermectin-like drug molecules to ACTs to cure malaria and kill mosquitoes. Experiments are in progress to eradicate malaria mosquito by making it genetically male sterile. High-throughput screening procedures are being developed and used to discover molecules that possess long in vivo half life and are active against liver and blood stages for the fast cure of malaria symptoms caused by simple or relapsing and drug-sensitive and drug-resistant types of varied malaria parasites, can stop gametocytogenesis and sporogony and could be given in one dose. Target-based antimalarial drug designing has begun. Some of the putative next-generation antimalarials that possess in their scaffold structure several of the desired properties of malaria cure and control are exemplified by OZ439, NITD609, ELQ300 and tafenoquine that are already undergoing clinical trials, and decoquinate, usnic acid, torin-2, ferroquine, WEHI-916, MMV396749 and benzothi
The Indian National Science Academy is gratefully
thanked for the grant of an INSA Honorary Scientistship to SK. Thanks
are also due to the directors of NIPGR and IICT for providing facilities
and encouragement.
 
Date 2016-01-07T09:04:22Z
2016-01-07T09:04:22Z
2015
 
Type Article
 
Identifier Protoplasma, 252(3): 717-753
1615-6102
http://172.16.0.77:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/537
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00709-014-0697-x
10.1007/s00709-014-0697-x
 
Language en_US
 
Publisher Springer