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How rising temperatures would be detrimental for cool and warm-season food legumes

OAR@ICRISAT

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Relation http://oar.icrisat.org/10254/
 
Title How rising temperatures would be detrimental for cool and warm-season food legumes
 
Creator Nayyar, H
Gaur, P M
Kumar, Shiv
Singh, S
Bindumadhava, H
Nair, R M
Vara Prasad, P V
Kumar, J
Siddique, K H M
 
Subject Food legumes
Climate change
Legume Crops
 
Description Rising temperatures are a major concern for the productivity of
food legumes, grown in winter as well as summer-season, especially
in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Our studies have
indicated marked damage to the reproductive stage, resulting in
reduction in pod set and seed yield of chickpea, lentil (cool-season
legumes) and mungbean (warm-season legume) under high
temperatures. Studies done in controlled and outdoor environments
(late sowing) revealed that temperatures >35/20°C (as
day and night) were highly detrimental for winter-season legumes;
while >38/25°C markedly affected the summer-season
legumes (mungbean). Urdbean, (a summer season legume),
was found to be relatively more tolerant. The degree of damage
varies depending upon the duration, timing and severity
of stress. Among the reproductive components, pollen grains
were more sensitive, became deformed and showed reduction
in pollen viability, reduced germination and pollen tube growth.
Stigma receptivity and ovule viability were also inhibited, which
affected the pollen germination on stigma surface and restricted
tube growth through style, and impaired fertilization to cause
flower abortion. Assessment of the physiology of leaves, anthers
and styles indicated decrease in sucrose production in all these
organs due to inhibition of enzymes, which possibly affected the
structural and functional aspects of the pollen grains and tube
growth through style. Seed filling is another stage which becomes
impaired as a result of inactivation of enzymes related to
sucrose production, causing inhibition in sucrose translocation
into seeds. Additionally, the composition of the seeds was adversely
affected, resulting in small size and poor quality of seeds.
The data related to these processes would be presented. Genetic
variation for heat tolerance exists in our target legume crops,
which needs further probing and use of heat tolerant germplasm
in breeding programs. Screening for high temperature tolerance
has led to identification of few heat-tolerant genotypes, which
are able to maintain their gamete function at high temperature,
unlike the sensitive genotypes. Future studies should focus on
high throughput phenotyping techniques and/or physiological,
biochemical or genetic markers that control the reproductive
function. Information about the effects of heat stress on reproductive
biology and seed filling events of chickpea, lentil and
mungbean will be discussed.
 
Date 2017-02
 
Type Conference or Workshop Item
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Language en
 
Rights —
 
Identifier http://oar.icrisat.org/10254/1/Abstract_Book_99.pdf
Nayyar, H and Gaur, P M and Kumar, Shiv and Singh, S and Bindumadhava, H and Nair, R M and Vara Prasad, P V and Kumar, J and Siddique, K H M (2017) How rising temperatures would be detrimental for cool and warm-season food legumes. In: InterDrought-V, February 21-25, 2017, Hyderabad, India.