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Characterization of Major Inorganic Ions in Precipitation in Area of Hisar, India

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Title Characterization of Major Inorganic Ions in Precipitation in
Area of Hisar, India
 
Creator Suresh, Kumar
Salve, P R
Gopal, K
 
Subject Water Quality
Water Pollution
 
Description The rainwater samples were collected on event basis during June-July-August-2012 and were
analyzed for pH, major anions (Cl, NO , SO ) and cations (Ca, Mg, Na, K, NH ). The pH value varied from 6.0 to 3 4 4
7.2 indicating alkaline nature of rainwater. The pH of the rainwater was found well above the reference pH
(5.6), showing alkalinity during the monsoon season. The average and standard deviation of ionic composition
was found to be 98.1 ± 9.8 l eq L-1. The total anions contribute 48 % and cations 52 %, respectively to
rainwater. Neutralization factors (NF) followed a sequence of NFCaNFMg (NFNH ) with factors of 1.1, 0.36 4
and 0.16 indicating the crystal components are responsible for neutralization of anions. The average ratio of
(NO + Cl)/SO observed as 1.2 indicates that nitric and hydrochloric acid influences the acidity of rainwater. 3 4
The ratio of NH /NO and NH /SO was observed as 0.7 and 0.3 thus indicates that the possible compounds 4 3 4 4
which may predominate in the atmosphere are NH NO and (NH ) SO . Ionic correlation was established to 4 3 4 2 4
identify sources of origin. Agood correlation was seen between Ca and Mg (r = 0.98); suggesting the common
occurrence of these ions from crustal origin. Similarly, the acidic ions SO and NO correlated well (r = 70) 4 3
indicating their origin from similar sources. Other relatively significant correlations were observed between Ca
and SO (r = 0.93), Mg and SO (r = 0.76), Ca and NO (r = 0.07), Ca and Cl (r = 0.28) and Mg and Cl (r = 0.32), 4 4 3
and Mg and NO (r = 0.69). The observed rainwater ratio of Cl/Na (1.4) is closer to that of seawater ratio (1.18) 3
indicates fractionation of sea-salt and modifications by non-marine constituents as the site is 2040 km away
from the sea coast. The nss-Ca contribution was observed as 95.7% suggesting their crustal origin whereas
nss-Mg and nss-K shows their contribution as 86.8% and 83.9% indicating influence of soil sources. The nss-
SO contributed as 86.7% shows anthropogenic origin.
 
Publisher Academy of Environmental Biology, India
 
Date 2013-12
 
Type Article
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Identifier http://neeri.csircentral.net/682/1/2013%20Rainwater%20Hissar.pdf
Suresh, Kumar and Salve, P R and Gopal, K (2013) Characterization of Major Inorganic Ions in Precipitation in Area of Hisar, India. Journal of Ecophysiology and Occupational Health, 13 (3&4). pp. 67-73. ISSN 0972-4397
 
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