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Combination of empirical and trait-based approaches for breeding drought tolerance in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

OAR@ICRISAT

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Relation http://oar.icrisat.org/10291/
 
Title Combination of empirical and trait-based approaches for breeding drought tolerance in
groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
 
Creator Janila, P
Variath, M T
Manohar, S S
 
Subject Abiotic Stress
Drought Tolerance
Plant Breeding
Groundnut
Drought
 
Description Breeding groundnut varieties that combine improved pod yield
under water-deficit stress, and enhanced water use efficiency
(WUE) is an important strategy to overcome the challenges
in water-limited conditions. SPAD chlorophyll meter reading
(SCMR) and specific leaf area (SLA) are the two important traits
associated with WUE. SCMR is simple, non-destructive and robust
method. Maintaining high chlorophyll density under water
stress conditions is associated with high WUE in groundnut, and
SCMR measures green colour intensity associated with chlorophyll
density. A RIL population (280) was evaluated during
2015/16 under well-watered (WW) and water-deficit stress
(WS) for yield parameters and SCMR. Pod yield is independent
of SCMR (R2=0.003), suggesting the importance of simultaneous
selection for both these traits in breeding programs. For
breeding varieties suitable for water-stress conditions, measuring
both pod yield under stress and WUE through its surrogate
SCMR are useful. In Africa and Asia, groundnut is largely
a rainfed crop. The frequency of drought is variable, and every
year is not a drought year. Therefore, the commercial groundnut
varieties should perform well under normal rainfall years,
and have less yield penalty during drought years. The approach
of measuring pod yield penalty under water-deficit stress compared
to WW condition is a useful selection criterion in breeding
programs, wherein the lines with minimum yield penalty are
selected. Such a selection criteria enable selection of genotypes
that perform well under normal seasons and have less yield penalty
during drought seasons. In this paper, we discuss progress
in groundnut breeding at ICRISAT using these two approaches.
 
Date 2017-02
 
Type Conference or Workshop Item
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Language en
 
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Identifier http://oar.icrisat.org/10291/1/Abstract_Book_121.pdf
Janila, P and Variath, M T and Manohar, S S (2017) Combination of empirical and trait-based approaches for breeding drought tolerance in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). In: InterDrought-V, February 21-25, 2017, Hyderabad, India.