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Development and Commercialization of CMS Pigeonpea Hybrids

OAR@ICRISAT

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Relation http://oar.icrisat.org/10511/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119414735.ch3
 
Title Development and Commercialization of CMS Pigeonpea Hybrids
 
Creator Saxena, K B
Sharma, D
Vales, M I
 
Subject Plant Breeding
Pigeonpea
 
Description The role of heterosis in enhancing productivity in food crops is well known.
Legume breeders have not been able, however, to take advantage of this genetic
phenomenon for a long time, due to biological restrictions, such as the requirement
of high seeding rate and the inability to produce large quantities of F1
hybrid seed. Recently, in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.), a breakthrough
has been realized with the development and marketing of the world’s first legume
hybrid, ICPH 2671. The key for this achievement was breeding and using a
stable cytoplasmic nuclear male sterility (CMS) system obtained from the cross
between C. cajanifolius, a wild relative of pigeonpea, and the cultivated type.
The inherent partial natural out‐crossing of pigeonpea was knitted with this CMS
system to facilitate economically‐viable large‐scale hybrid seed production.
These developments provided opportunities to overcome the historic stagnant
low yield (0.6–0.8 t ha–1) through heterosis breeding. Among hundreds of
hybrid combinations tested, a cross between ICPA 2043 and ICPL 87119 (=ICPR
2671), designated as ICPH 2671, was the most promising, with >40% yield
superiority (reaching yields above 3 t ha–1) over the prevalent cultivar ‘Maruti’,
in multi‐location, multi‐year, on‐station trials, as well as on‐farm evaluations.
The outstanding performance of ICPH 2671 led to its release in 2010 as the
first medium duration commercial pigeonpea hybrid in India. Subsequently,
two additional pigeonpea hybrids, ICPH 3762 and ICPH 2740 were also released
for commercial cultivation in India in 2014 and 2015, respectively. According
to recent estimates, in 2015 the CMS‐based pigeonpea hybrids were grown over
150,000 hectares in central and southern India. In this review, we summarize
the research efforts that led to the milestone of developing the first commercial
hybrid in food legumes.
 
Publisher Wiley
 
Contributor Goldman, I
 
Date 2018
 
Type Book Section
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Language en
 
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Identifier http://oar.icrisat.org/10511/1/Ch.%203.pdf
Saxena, K B and Sharma, D and Vales, M I (2018) Development and Commercialization of CMS Pigeonpea Hybrids. In: Plant Breeding Reviews. Wiley, pp. 103-167. ISBN 9781119414735