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Immunoglobulin Subclass Distribution and Diagnostic Value of Leishmania donovani Antigen-Specific Immunoglobulin G3 in Indian Kala-Azar Patients

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Title Immunoglobulin Subclass Distribution and Diagnostic Value of
Leishmania donovani Antigen-Specific Immunoglobulin G3
in Indian Kala-Azar Patients
 
Creator Anam, Khairul
Afrin, Farhat
Banerjee, Diwadas
Pramanik, Netai
Guha, Subhasis K
Goswami, Rama Prosad
Gupta, Pratap N
Saha, Shiben K
Ali, Nahid
 
Subject Infectious Diseases and Immunology
 
Description Visceral leishmaniasis, or kala-azar, a fatal tropical disease, remains problematic, as early diagnosis is
difficult and treatment often results in drug resistance and relapse. We have developed a sensitive enzymelinked
immunosorbent assay (ELISA), using leishmanial membrane antigenic extracts (LAg) to detect specific
antibody responses in 25 untreated Indian visceral leishmaniasis patients. To investigate the pathogenetic
significance of isotype markers in kala-azar, relative levels of specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, IgA, IgE,
and IgG subclasses were analyzed under clinically established diseased conditions. Since LAg showed higher
sensitivity for specific IgG than lysate, the immunoglobulin isotype responses were evaluated, with LAg as
antigen. Compared to 60 controls, which included patients with malaria, tuberculosis, leprosy, and typhoid and
healthy subjects, visceral leishmaniasis patients showed significantly higher IgG (100% sensitivity, 85% specificity),
IgM (48% sensitivity, 100% specificity), and IgE (44% sensitivity, 98.3% specificity) responses. Low
levels of IgA in visceral leishmaniasis patients contrasted with a 13-fold-higher reactivity in sera from patients
with leprosy. Among IgG subclasses, IgG1, -3, and -4 responses were significantly higher in visceral leishmaniasis
patients than in the controls. IgG2 response, however, was significantly higher (twofold) in leprosy than
even visceral leishmaniasis patients. The rank orders for sensitivity (IgG 5 IgG1 5 IgG3 5 IgG4 > IgG2 >
IgM > IgE > IgA) and specificity (IgM 5 IgG3 > IgE > IgG4 > IgG2 > IgG > IgG1 > IgA) for LAg-specific
antibody responses suggest the potentiality of IgG3 as a diagnostic marker for visceral leishmaniasis.
 
Publisher American Society for Microbiology
 
Date 1999
 
Type Article
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Identifier http://www.eprints.iicb.res.in/664/1/CLINICAL_AND_DIAGNOSTIC_LABORATORY_IMMUNOLOGY_6_(2)_231%2D235;1999[67].pdf
Anam, Khairul and Afrin, Farhat and Banerjee, Diwadas and Pramanik, Netai and Guha, Subhasis K and Goswami, Rama Prosad and Gupta, Pratap N and Saha, Shiben K and Ali, Nahid (1999) Immunoglobulin Subclass Distribution and Diagnostic Value of Leishmania donovani Antigen-Specific Immunoglobulin G3 in Indian Kala-Azar Patients. Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, 6 (2). pp. 231-235.
 
Relation http://dx.doi.org/
http://www.eprints.iicb.res.in/664/