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Challenge Assay: A Functional Biomarker For Exposure-induced DNA Repair Deficiency and for Risk of Cancer

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Title Challenge Assay: A Functional Biomarker For Exposure-induced DNA Repair Deficiency and for Risk of Cancer
 
Creator Au, William W
Giri, Ashok K
Ruchirawat, Mathuros
 
Subject Molecular & Human Genetics
 
Description A variety of biomarkers have been used to monitor exposed populations to determine potential health
hazards from their exposure to environmental toxic agents. However, the majority of these biomarkers
have been focused onto the identi.cation of biological damage from the exposure. Therefore, there is a
need to develop functional biomarkers that can identify exposure-induced functional de.ciencies. More
importantly, these de.ciencies should be positioned along pathways that are responsible for the
development of speci.c diseases. One of such pathways belongs to the extensive and complex DNArepair
machinery. The machinery thus becomes a large target for damage from environmental toxic
agents. The hypothesis is that damage to any component of a repair pathway will interfere with the
pathway-speci.c repair activities. Therefore, when cells from exposed populations are challenged with
a DNA-damaging agent in vitro, the in vivo exposure-induced repair de.ciency will be dramatically
ampli.ed and the de.ciency will be detectable in a challenge assay as increased chromosome
aberrations, micronuclei or un-repaired DNA strand breaks. The challenge assay has been used in
different laboratories to show that a variety of exposed populations (with exposure to air pollutants,
arsenic, benzene, butadiene, cigarette smoke, incense smoke, lead, mercury, pesticides, uranium or
xylene but not to low concentrations of air pollutants or butadiene) expressed abnormal challenge
response. The predicted health consequences of some of these studies have also been validated.
Therefore, the challenge assay is a useful functional biomarker for population studies. Details of the
challenge assay and its application will be presented in this review.
 
Date 2009
 
Type Article
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Identifier http://www.eprints.iicb.res.in/1212/1/Challenge_Assay_Paper_(2009).pdf
Au, William W and Giri, Ashok K and Ruchirawat, Mathuros (2009) Challenge Assay: A Functional Biomarker For Exposure-induced DNA Repair Deficiency and for Risk of Cancer. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health . pp. 1-8.
 
Relation http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2009.09.002
http://www.eprints.iicb.res.in/1212/