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GSH Induced Controlled Release of Levofloxacin from a Purpose-Built Prodrug: Luminescence Response for Probing the Drug Releasein Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

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Title GSH Induced Controlled Release of Levofloxacin from a Purpose-Built Prodrug: Luminescence Response for Probing the Drug Releasein Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus
 
Creator Pal, Suman
Ramu, Vadde
Taye, Nandaraj
Mogare, Devraj G
Yeware, Amar M
Sarkar, Dhiman
Reddy, D. Srinivasa
Chattopadhyay, Samit
Das, Amitava
 
Subject Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division
 
Description Fluoroquinolones are third-generation broad spectrum bactericidal antibiotics and work against both Grampositive
and Gram-negative bacteria. Levofloxacin (L), a fluoroquinolone, is widely used in anti-infective chemotherapy and treatment of urinary tract infection and pneumonia. The main pathogen for urinary tract infections is Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus pneumoniae is responsible for pneumonia, predominantly a lower respiratory tract infection. Poor permeability of L
leads to the use of higher dose of this drug and excess drug in the outer cellular fluid leads to central nervous system (CNS) abnormality. One way to counter this is to improve the lipophilicity of the drug molecule, and accordingly, we have synthesized two new Levofloxacin derivatives, which participated in the spatiotemporal release of drug via disulfide bond cleavage induced by
glutathione (GSH). Recent studies with Streptococcus mutants suggest that it is localized in epithelial lining fluid (ELF) of the normal lower respiratory tract and the effective [GSH] in ELF is ∼430 μM. E. coli typically cause urinary tract infections and the concentration of GSH in porcine bladder epithelium is reported as 0.6 mM for a healthy human. Thus, for the present study we have chosen two important bacteria (Gram + ve and Gram − ve), which are operational in regions having high extracellular GSH
concentration. Interestingly, this supports our design of new lipophilic Levofloxacin based prodrugs, which released effective drug on reaction with GSH. Higher lipophilicity favored improved uptake of the prodrugs. Site specific release of the drug (L) could be achieved following a glutathione mediated biochemical transformation process through cleavage of a disulfide bond of these
purpose-built prodrugs. Further, appropriate design helped us to demonstrate that it is possible also to control the kinetics of the drug release from respective prodrugs. Associated luminescence enhancement helps in probing the release of the drug from the prodrug in bacteria and helps in elucidating the mechanistic pathway of the transformation. Such an example is scarce in the
contemporary literature
 
Publisher American Chemical Society
 
Date 2016-08
 
Type Article
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Identifier http://www.eprints.iicb.res.in/2573/1/Bioconjugate_Chem._2016%2C_27%2C_2062%E2%88%922070.pdf
Pal, Suman and Ramu, Vadde and Taye, Nandaraj and Mogare, Devraj G and Yeware, Amar M and Sarkar, Dhiman and Reddy, D. Srinivasa and Chattopadhyay, Samit and Das, Amitava (2016) GSH Induced Controlled Release of Levofloxacin from a Purpose-Built Prodrug: Luminescence Response for Probing the Drug Releasein Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Bioconjugate Chemistry, 27. pp. 2062-2070.
 
Relation http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00324
http://www.eprints.iicb.res.in/2573/