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Role of Protein Conformational Landscape on its Aggregation

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Title Role of Protein Conformational Landscape on its Aggregation
 
Creator Sil, Pallabi
 
Subject Structural Biology & Bioinformatics
 
Description Proteins are typically large bio-molecules consisting of twenty-one different amino acid subunits. These amino acid subunits are covalently linked with one another to form long linear polypeptide chain which spontaneously fold to become compact three-dimensional structure. After folding, proteins can attain complex shapes that include clustering of various patterns, loops, coil and may contain some unstructured regions or disordered regions along with structured parts. Protein molecules show wide range of biological activities, which are necessary for living systems. These biological functions are determined by the three-dimensional structure of a protein and the protein structures are primarily determined by the constituting amino acid sequence. Thus, the diversity of protein function is primarily determined and controlled by the amino acid sequence of the protein. There can be an allowed range in sequence variation for a particular type of functional requirement of a protein. The deciding factors dictating the actual sequence composition out of the allowed range in sequence variation for a particular function are; protein solvent environment and the selection pressure imposed by natural selection process during evolution. The functional adaptation and the quality control of protein comes from the selective amino acids mutations approved by the natural selection. The approved sequence order of twenty-one different amino acids of a particular protein and the solvent condition faced by protein during and after the folding process, are the main key players that governs the different three-dimensional structure and function of a protein.
With varieties of functions, proteins are crucial elements in all biological organisms and participate in every process within the living cells. They are actively involved in physiological processes that govern cell division, cell growth, cell development, cell shape and structure, cell signaling, cell motility, ligand binding, cell immunity and enzyme catalysis etc. Variety of proteins including enzymes, antibodies, hormonal proteins, structural proteins, storage proteins and transport proteins are present in living cells; each of which fulfils a particular biological role. Their combined function makes a system alive and biologically active. Majority of these biological functions are performed by proteins in their native state. This state is relatively more
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stable than other states with higher degrees of freedom like, unfolded and partially unfolded
intermediate states. The stability of the native state determines how long can a native state resist
the structural degradation and resulting its biological function. Different proteins have varying
degrees of structural stability and the variation in structural stability of a protein again depends
on its amino acid sequence. It is noticed that sequence variation may alter protein structure and
consequently its function, protein folding and stability.
 
Date 2016
 
Type Thesis
NonPeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Identifier http://www.eprints.iicb.res.in/2586/1/PALLABI_SIL_THESIS_(1).pdf
Sil, Pallabi (2016) Role of Protein Conformational Landscape on its Aggregation. PhD thesis, CU.
 
Relation http://www.eprints.iicb.res.in/2586/