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Characterization of ground water quality of Palwal district and their effect on soil properties

KrishiKosh

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Field Value
 
Title Characterization of ground water quality of Palwal district and their effect on soil properties
 
Creator Gagan Deep
 
Contributor Ram Prakash
 
Subject Vegetables, Storage, Fruits, Genotypes, Acidity, Refrigeration, Sugar, Storage structures, Biological phenomena, Vitamins
 
Description The block Palwal is district which lies on 28
º
15 North' and to 77º33' South with total area of 1,359 sq
km. To ascertain the quality of groundwater and its impact on chemical properties soil, water samples were
collected from all the villages of block and analysed by standard methods. Based on the results of water analysis,
soil samples from were collected and analysed for their chemical properties by standard procedures 317 samples of
water were collected and analysed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), soluble cations (Ca
2+
, Mg
2+
,Na
+
and K
+
)
and anions (CO3
2−
, HCO
3
−
, Cl
−
, SO
4
2−
and NO3
−
) by standard procedures. The values of SAR and RSC of water
samples were computed. Based on electrical conductivity (EC) sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and residual sodium
carbonate (RSC) of the water, the samples were characterized and classified as per the classification suggested by
All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) on” Management of Salt Affected Soils and Saline Water Use in
Agriculture” (1989). According to this classification, 29 percent were found to be of good quality, 20 percent
samples were marginally saline while 2 percent samples were saline and 27 percent samples were high SAR saline.
Similarly, 3.3 percent samples were found to be marginally alkali, 0.9 percent samples were alkali while 9.7
percent samples were found to be highly alkali.
After categorization of water samples, 176 soil samples from 44 representative profiles were collected
from depth, 0-15, 15-30, 30-45 and 45-60 cm which were analysed for pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC),
exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), electrical conductivity (ECe), nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), potassium
(K), organic carbon (OC), calcium carbonate (CaCO
3
), soluble cations (Ca
2+
, Mg
2+
, Na
+
, K
+
) and anions (CO
3
2−
,
HCO3
−
, Cl
−
, SO
4
2−
,NO
3
−
) by standard procedures.
The results of water samples showed that pH, EC, SAR and had mean of 7.44 , 3.36 dSm
-1
, 10.14
(mmol l
-1
)
1/2
.
Dominant cation was sodium followed by magnesium, calcium and potassium in groundwater. Likewise,
in case of anions, chloride was the dominant anion followed by bicarbonate, sulphate, carbonate and nitrate.
The highest pH of the soil saturation extract was observed at sampling site in village Buraka and
lowest was found at sampling site in village and Kamaraka.
The highest cation exchange capacity of the soil was observed in village buraka and were found to be
ranged between from 4.70 to 18.00 cmol (+) kg
−1
and lowest was found in village ladiaka and were found to be
ranged between from 2.34 to 3.18 cmol (+) kg
−1
.
The highest exchangeable sodium percentage of 17.5 was observed at sampling in village Beruki and
lowest was found at sampling site Nangla jaat.
The highest elctrical conductivity of the soil saturation extract was observed in village andoop 6.48
dSm
−1
and lowest was found in village Mahrah 1.09 dSm
−1
.
The highest calcium carbonate of the soil was observed in village Rithal and were found to be ranged
between from 1.75 to 7.00 percent and lowest was found at sampling site I in village Gharrot and were found to be
ranged between from 0.10 to 0.25 percent.
The highest sodium adsorption ratio of the soil saturation extract was observed at village Janpur 13.8
(mmol l
-1
)
1/2
and lowest was found in village Rabar 2 (mmol l
-1
)
1/2
.
Soil profiles were collected based on different categories of irrigation water. Most of the profiles were having salt
developed due to the presence of salts in irrigation water. The highest and lowest values of cation exchange
capacity of soils of district palwal were 2.34 to 16.19 cmol (p
+
) kg
-, . The highest and lowest values of electrical
conductivity, pH and sodium adsorption ratio of soil saturation extract of soils of district Palwal were 1.09, 6.41
(dSm
-1
), 6.60, 9.00 and 2.00, 15.80 (mmol l
-1
)
1/2
, respectively. Most of the soil profiles were low in fertility.
Highest electrical conductivity and sodium adsorption ratio of saturation extract were observed in surface layers of
the soil which gradually decreased with depth irrespective of texture and quality of irrigation water.
After the analysis of soil and water, the Arc Map 9.3 was used to create various thematic maps like pH, EC, SAR,
RSC and ESP of the study area. These thematic maps were combined to prepare water quality maps.
 
Date 2016-10-21T11:59:25Z
2016-10-21T11:59:25Z
2015
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/81221
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher CCSHAU