Studies on growth and fruiting patterns in citrus species and cultivars under semi-arid conditions of Haryana
KrishiKosh
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Title |
Studies on growth and fruiting patterns in citrus species and cultivars under semi-arid conditions of Haryana
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Creator |
Sharma, Nidhi
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Contributor |
Sharma, Suneel
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Subject |
Fruits, Developmental stages, Confectionery, Biological development, Pineapples, Irrigation, Budding, Area, Hybrids, Leaf area
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Description |
The experiment using well maintained 12 year old trees each of Sweet orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) cv. Jaffa and Pineapple; Mandarin hybrids Pearl Tangelo (Citrus reticulata Blanco x Citrus paradisi Macf.) and Kinnow (Citrus nobilis Lour. x Citrus deliciosa Tenore) and Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) cv. Duncan and Ruby Red was carried out at CCS HAU, Hisar during 2014 and 2015. Spring flush was taken for the investigation, where all citrus species and cultivars behaved differently from each other. Under north Indian conditions flowering occurs only once in the year during February-March. In citrus species investigated, the bud initiation took place from 27 th January to 25 th February during 2014 and bud break from 8 th Feb -28 th Feb 2015 utilizing 12.05-49.30°Cd heat units. Flower formation in different cultivars took 16 -38 days with 40.0 to 139.1°Cd heat units used up during both the years. Sweet orange cv. Jaffa was earliest to start flowering. Duration of flowering was 10-26 days using 30.5 to 138.5°Cd heat units by different cultivars. These cultivars came to full bloom in 1 st to 3 rd week of March. Two types of inflorescences i.e. leafy and non-leafy were observed. Flowering density was highest in grapefruit cv. Ruby Red, however, for fruit set even with least flowering density Kinnow mandarin proved its superiority for growth and yield characteristics with better quality fruits during both the years. Shoot length and specific leaf area were observed maximum in grapefruits, shoot diameter in Jaffa, shoot inter-nodal length in mandarin Kinnow and the leaf area and specific leaf weight in Pearl Tangelo. The relative water content, water saturation deficit were observed 80-90% in almost all cultivars. Cell membrane stability index and potent physiological indices were observed highest in Kinnow. Leaf water potential in Pineapple and osmotic potential in cv. Ruby Red were greatest. In terms of fruit weight, diameter and number of seeds per fruits grapefruit cv. Ruby Red ranked first and peel was thicker in Pineapple. Fruit quality attributes as TSS, total, reducing and non-reducing sugars were highest in Kinnow. Ascorbic acid content was observed maximum in cv. Ruby Red of grapefruit; and acidity was minimum in Pearl Tangelo. The leaf nutrient contents (NPK and Fe, Zn and Mn) were within optimum range in all the genotypes during the course of study, respectively. On the basis of these findings along with correlation and regression analysis of present studies, it may be concluded that Citrus species senses the low temperature growth and phenology based on accumulation of required heat units. |
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Date |
2016-10-15T12:10:47Z
2016-10-15T12:10:47Z 2016 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/80590
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Language |
en
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Format |
application/pdf
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Publisher |
CCSHAU
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