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Effect of variable environmental conditions on growth and development of gladiolus (Gladiolus (Tourn) L.)

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Title Effect of variable environmental conditions on growth and development of gladiolus (Gladiolus (Tourn) L.)
Ph D
 
Creator KADAM GANESH BALKRUSHNA
 
Contributor Krishan Pal Singh
 
Subject inorganic compounds, developmental stages, planting, precipitation, concentrates, gladiolus, biological development, area, chlorophylls, leaf area
 
Description T-8347
Gladiolus can be grown in wide range of climatic conditions but during growth and
development, environmental factors play very important role. Environmental factors like CO2 and
temperature are most important for growth and development. First experiment was conducted in
gladiolus cvs. Snow Princess and American Beauty with elevated CO2 concentrations which kept
700 ppm and 900 ppm higher than the control (400 ppm) day and night time. Optimum
temperature (20/18 oC) and light/dark regime of 14/10 h was maintained for proper growth and
development of plants. CO2 had non significant effect on days required for corms sprouting.
100% corms sprouting was found in all treatments and both the cultivars. Elevated CO2 had
significant effect on spike length and plant height which were found maximum in 700 ppm in cv.
Snow Princess but reduced as CO2 concentration rose to 900 ppm. Scape width was found
maximum in cv. American Beauty in treatment 900 ppm CO2. Rachis length, leaf length, no. of
spikes/plant and flowering duration were found maximum in cv. Snow Princess in 700 ppm CO2.
Number of days taken for spike emergence and dry weight of leaves were increased with increase
in CO2 concentration. Number of florets/spike and number of leaves/plant were not affected by
rise of CO2. Leaf area ratio was decreased with CO2 concentration rise which indicates the
increase in leafiness of plant. Total chlorophyll (a+b) content and nitrogen content in leaves were
found maximum in 700 ppm but reduced as the CO2 concentration rose to 900 ppm.
Different temperature regimes such as control (20/18°C), 26/22°C and 30/26 °C
(Day/Night) were given. Days required for corms sprouting was decreased as the temperature
increased but sprouting percentage was found 100 % in all the treatments and in both the
cultivars. Temperature regime of 30/26 ºC was found with lowest days for corms sprouting
(7.97). Different temperature regimes did not have significant difference on leaf number and
number of florets per spike but complete absence of flowering was found at 30/26 ºC. Maximum
leaf area (931.40 cm2
) was found in 26/22 ºC temperature regime. Highest spike length (56.29
cm) and rachis length (19.09 cm) were found in treatment T2 (26/22 ºC) in cv. American Beauty.
With few exceptions, adverse effect of increase in temperature was substantial. Increased
temperature had adverse effect on growth and concomitantly declined flower initiation, flowering
duration, hastened sprouting of corms, increased plant height and chlorophyll content in leaves
were increased as temperature increased.
 
Date 2016-10-24T10:51:34Z
2016-10-24T10:51:34Z
2010
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/81450
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher IARI, DIVISION OF FLORICULTURE AND LANDSCAPING