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CERTAIN ASPECTS OF DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF SUBCLINICAL MASTITIS IN COWS IN AND AROUND HYDERABAD

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Title CERTAIN ASPECTS OF DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF SUBCLINICAL MASTITIS IN COWS IN AND AROUND HYDERABAD
 
Creator D. ANUSHA
 
Contributor Dr. S. AYODHYA
 
Subject mastitis, livestock, animal products, animal husbandry, lactation, bacteria, sampling, economic systems, antibiotics, yields
 
Description The present study “Certain aspects of diagnosis and therapeutic management of
subclinical mastitis in cows in and around Hyderabad” was undertaken to study the
incidence of subclinical mastitis in cows, bacteriogram of the milk isolates and
therapeutic efficacy of two different antibiotics. The present study was carried out
during a period of 7 months i.e., February to August, 2015.
To find out the incidence of subclinical mastitis (SCM), a total of 534 quarter
milk samples from 136 apparently healthy cows of three local dairy farms and
individual holdings were subjected to California Mastitis test (CMT), White Side Test
(WST) and Surf Field Mastitis Test (SFMT). According to CMT, WST and SFMT, the
quarter wise incidence was 35.02%, 32.96% and 30.52%, respectively, and animal wise
incidence was 66.18%, 59.56% and 55.15%, respectively.
According to CMT the incidence was highest in the age group of 5-7 years
(67.50%), followed by animals above 7 years (65.38%) and least in the cows aged
between 3-5 years (63.33%). Whereas, with WST and SFMT the incidence was highest
in cows aged above 7 years (65.38% and 57.69%) followed by 5-7 years (58.75% and
55%) and least in the age group of 3-5 years (56.67% and 53.33%), respectively.
Crossbred cows showed highest incidence (76.6%, 69.15% and 63.83%) of SCM
compared to native breeds which showed low incidence (42.86%, 38.10% and 35.71%)
with CMT, WST and SFMT, respectively.
According to CMT the animal wise incidence was highest in cows of fourth and
above lactations (67.39%) followed by third (66.67%), first (64.71%) and least in the
second lactation (64%). Whereas, with WST and SFMT, incidence was highest in fourth
and above lactations (63.04% and 58.7%), followed by second (60% and 56%), third
(58.33% and 54.17%) and least in the first lactation (52.94 % and 47.06%),
respectively. The quarter wise incidence according to CMT was highest during first
(39.71%), followed by fourth and above (38.12%), third (32.45%) and least in second
lactations (30.93%). Similarly, with WST it was highest in fourth and above lactations
(34.81%), followed by second (32.99%), third (31.91%) and first lactations (30.88%).
Whereas, with SFMT it was highest in fourth and above (32.04%) lactations followed
by second (31.96%), first (29.41%) and third lactations (28.72%).
In the present study the animal wise incidence according to CMT was highest in
mid lactation (69.12%) followed by early (66.67%) and least in late lactation (62%).
Whereas, with WST and SFMT highest incidence was recorded during late lactation
(62% and 58%), followed by mid (58.82% and 54.41%) and least in early stage of
lactation (55.56% and 50%), respectively. The quarter wise incidence was highest in
late (36.87%) followed by mid (34.46%) and least in early lactations (31.88%) by CMT.
Whereas, with WST and SFMT, it was highest in mid (34.08% and 32.21%), followed
by late (32.83% and 29.29%) and least in early lactations (28.99% and 27.54%),
respectively.
According to CMT, WST and SFMT, right sided quarters (35.32, 33.09 and
30.86%) were more affected compared to left quarters (34.72, 32.83 and 30.19%) and
the incidence was more in the hind quarters (35.07, 33.21 and 31.72%) compared to
fore quarters (34.96, 32.71 and 29.32%), respectively. The decreasing order of
incidence according to CMT was right hind (36.57%), followed by left fore (35.88%),
right fore (34.07%) and left hind (33.58%) quarters whereas with WST right hind
(34.33%) was highest followed by left fore (33.59%), left hind (32.09%) and right fore
(31.85%) and with SFMT left hind (32.09%) recorded highest incidence followed by
right hind (31.34%), right fore (30.37%) and left fore (28.24%) quarters. According to
CMT and WST two quarter infections (43.33 and 50.62 per cent) were more common
followed by single (30 and 30.86 per cent), three (20 and 14.82 per cent) and four
quarters (6.67 and 3.70 per cent), respectively. However, with SFMT highest incidence
was recorded in single quarters (44%) followed by two (28%), four (16%) and three
quarters (12%).
A total of 115 quarter milk samples were collected from 30 animals which were
subjected to all the diagnostic tests were only cultured. Out of 115 quarter milk samples,
59 were culturally positive (51.30%). Out of 59 culturally positive samples,
Staphylococcus spp. (56.71%), Streptococcus spp. (20.90%), Escherichia coli (19.40%)
and Klebsiella spp. (2.99%) were isolated. Isolation studies revealed monomicrobial
infection in 88.13% and mixed infections in 11.86% of the samples.
In vitro drug sensitivity test was conducted on 59 sub clinically positive whole
milk cultures of which, highest sensitivity was shown to ceftriaxone (89.83% ) followed
amoxyclav (81.36%), enrofloxacin (77.97%), gentamicin (71.19%), amikacin (54.23%),
chloramphenicol (50.84%), tetracycline (44.06%) and least to penicillin G (8.47%).
To study the comparative efficacy of different diagnostic tests, 30 cows with 115
quarters were subjected to CMT, WST, SFMT and SCC taking cultural examination as
standard. The percentage accuracies for CMT, WST, SFMT and SCC were 76.52%
71.30%, 69.56% and 73.39%, respectively and the false positive reactions more with
SCC (22.64%) followed by CMT (21.43%), SFMT (21.40%) and least with WST
(20.45%). Whereas, false negative reactions were more with SFMT (35.61%) followed
by WST (33.80%), SCC (29.03%) and least with CMT (25.42%) and it was found that
CMT was most sensitive (74.58%).
For therapeutic trials a total of 20 cows with subclinical mastitis were randomly
divided into two groups i.e., group II and group III with 10 cows in each. An apparently
healthy control group of 10 cows (which were culturally negative) was also included in
the present study. Cows of group II were treated with ceftriaxone @ 5 mg/kg b.wt IM,
daily for 5 days whereas cows of group III were treated with amoxicillin-cloxacillin @
10 mg/kg b.wt IM for 5 days. Both the groups were given a common supportive therapy
with post milking teat dip Mastidip liquid in 1:1 dilution twice daily immediately after
milking.
The response was excellent in group II with 100% cure rate both animal wise
and quarter wise. Whereas, in group III, animal wise and quarter wise cure rate was
60% and 66.67%, respectively.
The mean pre-treatment pH (6.917+0.052 and 6.94+0.075) and SCC
(7.47+0.843 and 8.29+0.911 ×105 cells/ml) of cows under group II and group III,
respectively, were found significantly (P< 0.01) elevated when compared to that of the
apparently healthy control group. On post treatment, the mean milk yield in group II
and III showed an increase of 14.43% and 10.76%, respectively. Isolation studies were
conducted again after 5 days of treatment and the samples of group II were culturally
negative. Whereas, in group III five quarters were culturally positive. Hence it was
concluded that the treatment with ceftriaxone and Mastidip is effective in treating
subclinical mastitis in cows.
 
Date 2016-12-30T10:21:29Z
2016-12-30T10:21:29Z
2016-01-22
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/93672
 
Relation D;448
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher PVNR TVU