A STUDY ON INDIGENOUS TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE (ITKs) IN TRIBAL FARMING SYSTEM OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
KrishiKosh
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Title |
A STUDY ON INDIGENOUS TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE (ITKs) IN TRIBAL FARMING SYSTEM OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
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Creator |
SAHIL SWANGLA
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Contributor |
V. Sangeetha
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Subject |
null
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Description |
t-9781
Indian farmers, over centuries, have learnt to grow food and to survive in difficult environments, where the rich tradition of Indigenous Technical Knowledge (ITK) has been interwoven with the agricultural practices followed by them. Though it is being continued, but the impact of colonization and modernization on the current day developing as well as developed countries have undermined and neglected their indigenous technical knowledge. An attempt in this study was made to bring out the judicious combination of indigenous and scientific knowledge that will help to speed up the adoption of improved practice by the tribal farmers. Systematic documentation of ITKs into an information and knowledge which can help in the enlightenment of all stakeholders. The study was conducted purposively in the state i.e. Himachal Pradesh (H.P.) which is very rich in ITKs. Two tribal districts i.e. Kinnaur and Lahaul-Spiti of (H.P.) were selected for the study. Each district consists of three sub divisions and from each sub division one village was selected randomly. Twenty respondents were randomly selected from each village. So, a total of 120 farmers were selected as respondent. Along with 120 farmers, 5 key informants were selected from each village for the validation of ITK through Quantification of Indigenous Knowledge. Also, thirty researchers, subject matter specialists and scientists were selected from KVK, SAUs and other institutes for the validation of e-learning module. Thus, the total sample came out to be 180. Main process of selection was personal interview, secondary data source. Data collection tools used were semi-structured interview schedule, focused group discussion and transect walk. The study found various ITK which were classified into appropriate categories such as Soil and Water Management, Cropping system, Farm Implements, Post Harvest Technology, Storage, Horticultural Crops, Food Product Development, Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry and Medicinal. From the results, it was revealed that farmers ranked Kothar for seed storage as the most useful ITK in the tribal areas of Kinnaur district followed by Graat, a hydro flour mill, Suttar for soil conservation, tying of branches of apple tree at tender age and chichi for fodder ii ii storage. The mean score indicated the high validity of ITK which was 4.27 for kothar followed by graat ( = 4.22), suttar ( = 4.08), tying of branches of apple trees at younger stage was also highly valid technique for the tribals to practice ( = 4.01). Based on the adoption index (0-100), respondents were classified into low, medium and high. Of the 30 ITKs documented, 16 ITKs were having high adoption index indicating wide use of these practices. 9 ITKs were having low adoption index and 5 ITKs were having medium adoption index. Personal localite and social norms were the factors highly significantly contributing to the adoption of ITK with coefficient of 2.11 and 0.76 and marginal effect (dy/dx) of 0.52 and 0.18 respectively. E-learning module prepared was validated based on four parameters: content design, ease in understanding, utility of the content and satisfaction of felt information need. The result further revealed the general acceptability of the module on ITK as the four parameters had mean score above 4. Content & design were ranked first with mean score of 4.33 followed by utility of module with mean score of 4.30. The research clearly shows that there is declining of ITKs in the tribal area. To increase the sustainability of ecosystem, the government should initiate action or policy measures for promoting such vanishing ITKs. As Indigenous Knowledge possesses potential for sustainability, they must be promoted after establishing their scientific rationality. In the changing agricultural scenario, it will help scientists, extension workers to understand a practice prevalent in a society so that it can be up scaled or out scaled further. |
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Date |
2018-10-09T05:16:53Z
2018-10-09T05:16:53Z 2017 |
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Type |
Thesis
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Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810075023
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Language |
en_US
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Format |
application/pdf
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Publisher |
DIVISION OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION INDIAN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE NEW DELHI
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