A Study on p-Maps through Right Transversals
KrishiKosh
View Archive InfoField | Value | |
Title |
A Study on p-Maps through Right Transversals
|
|
Creator |
Kumar, Punish
|
|
Contributor |
Paul, Ajit
|
|
Subject |
homotopy, groupoid, right transversal
|
|
Description |
Thesis titled “A Study on p-Maps through Right Transversals’’” submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Mathematics by Punish Kumar.
The thesis has been divided into five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction of the whole thesis. The second chapter is devoted to review of the literature in which we have tried to show the researches in group theory. In the third chapter namely, methodology, we have defined concepts which are necessary tools to make the thesis self contained. This is divided into four sections. First section contain information about loops, c-groupoid and c-homomorphism. In second section, we have talked about some general topology. Third section is devoted to categories and functors. In fourth section we have introduced homotopy. Fourth chapter namely, result and discussion, is the main chapter of the thesis. This chapter is divided into four sections. First section of it is devoted to the study of p-maps and results based on them. The following are some significant results of this part: Proposition (4.1.2.6): LetG be a group with identity e and p :GG be a pmap . The subset p(G) p(g) : gG of G is a subgroup of G . Proposition (4.1.2.9): Let G be a group with identity e and p :GG be a pmap . Let S be a subset defined in proposition (4.1.2.7). Define a binary operation on S by -1 x y p(xy) xy for all x, yS . Then (S, ) is a right loop. Proposition (4.1.2.13): Let G be a group with identity e and p :GG be a pmap . Let S be a right transversal to p(G) in G . Let us define : S p(G)S by 1 x h p(xh) xh . Then is a right action of p(G) on S . Proposition (4.1.3.1): Let G be a group with identity e and p :GG be a pmap . Let S be a right transversal with identity to p(G) in G . If pmap satisfies the condition 1 2 1 2 p(g g ) p(g p(g )) , then the right loop (S, ) is a group. ii Proposition (4.1.3.11): Let G be a group with identity e . Then the total number of distinct pmaps in G is the total number of distinct factorizations of G as HS where H is a subgroup of G and S is a right transversal (with identity e ) of H in G . Theorem (4.1.3.15): Let G be a group with identity e and p be a pmap . Then G be an extension of the subgroup p(G) with a right transversal S to p(G) in G . In section second of it, we have described another map, namely p-tilda map and then proved some results: Proposition (4.2.2.6): Let G be a group with identity e and p :GG be a p -map . Then the set H {gG: p(g) e} is a subgroup of G . Proposition (4.2.2.9) [67]: Let G be a group with identity e and p :GG be a p -map . Let 1 2 g , g G . Let S be a subset defined in proposition (4.2.2.7) . Define a binary operation on S by 1 2 1 2 p(g ) p(g ) p(p(g )p(g )) for all 1 2 p(g ),p(g )S . Then (S, ) is a right loop. Proposition (4.2.3.1): Let G be a group with identity e and p :GG be a p -map . Let S be a right transversal with identity to H in G . If p -map satisfies the condition 1 2 1 2 p(g p(g )) p(g )p(g ) for all 1 2 g , g G , then the right loop (S, ) is a group. Theorem (4.2.4.3): Let G be a group with identity e and p :GG be a p -map . Let H and S be as defined in proposition (4.2.2.6) and (4.2.2.7) respectively. Then G be an extension of the subgroup H with a right transversal S to H in G . In section third of it, we have introduced the concept of H-group and H-transversal and proved the following important results: Proposition (4.3.2.14): Let 0 (X, x ) and 0 (Y, y ) be two pointed topological spaces. Then 0 X { : : I X is a loop based at x } is an H-group with continuous multiplication . Similarly 0 Y { : : I Y is a loop based at y } is an Hiii group with continuous multiplication . Let f : (Y, y0 )(X, x0 ) is a continuous map. Then (Y,) is an H-subgroup together with an H-map ( , ) ( , ) f Y X . Theorem (4.3.3.2): Let (G,) be an H-group with base point identity element e of the group G . Let p be an H-transversal in an H-group (G,) . Then there is a canonical H-group structure on p(G) with respect to which the inclusion ( ) i p G G is an H-subgroup of (G,) . In section four of it, we have introduced another H-transversal for an H-group and proved the following important result: Theorem (4.4.2.2): Let (G,) be an H-group with base point identity element e of the group G . Let p be an H-transversal in an H-group (G,) . Then p(G) is an Hgroup with respect to the operation defined as follows 1 2 1 2 ( p(g ), p(g )) ( p )( p(g ), p(g )) for all 1 2 g , g G . In the chapter fifth, namely summary and conclusion, we have summaries the whole thesis, by mentioning that the following four are the main results of the thesis. Theorem (4.1.3.15): Let G be a group with identity e and p be a pmap . Then G be an extension of the subgroup p(G) with a right transversal S to p(G) in G . Theorem (4.2.4.3): Let G be a group with identity e and p :GG be a p -map . Let H and S be as defined in proposition (4.2.2.6) and (4.2.2.7) respectively. Then G be an extension of the subgroup H with a right transversal S to H in G . Theorem (4.3.3.2): Let (G,) be an H-group with base point identity element e of the group G . Let p be an H-transversal in an H-group (G,) . Then there is a canonical H-group structure on p(G) with respect to which the inclusion ( ) i p G G is an H-subgroup of (G,) . Theorem (4.4.2.2): Let (G,) be an H-group with base point identity element e of the group G . Let p be an H-transversal in an H-group (G,) . Then p(G) is an Hiv group with respect to the operation defined as follows 1 ( p(g ), p(g2)) ( p )( p(g1), p(g2)) for all 1 2 g , g G . In the end of chapter five, we have shown some importance and application of group theory in different areas. Hence, we have worked upto some extent in the direction of the existing problem of classifying all finite groups by determining all groups G (up to isomorphism) with a fixed subgroup H as a normal subgroup such that the quotient group G/ H is also a given group K . By making p and p to be continuous, we have also worked on Hgroup and H-transversal. |
|
Date |
2017-01-13T16:17:51Z
2017-01-13T16:17:51Z 2015 |
|
Type |
Thesis
|
|
Identifier |
http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/96372
|
|
Language |
en_US
|
|
Format |
application/pdf
|
|
Publisher |
Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences (SHIATS)
|
|