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Genetic divergence and stability analysis for economic traits in kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala L.)

KrishiKosh

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Title Genetic divergence and stability analysis for economic traits in kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala L.)
 
Creator Khan, Shabir Hussain
 
Contributor Nazeer Ahmed
 
Subject Divergence, Kale, Quality, Stability, Variability
Vegetable Science
 
Description PhD Thesis submitted to SKUAST Kashmir
Forty kale genotypes collected from different agro climatic conditions of Kashmir valley were evaluated for estimation of genetic variability diversity, stability and for their quality. All the 40 genotypes were evaluated across three random environments in Kashmir valley for studying genetic divergence and other genetic parameters during Rabi- 2004, while only sixteen genotypes including three commercial checks were evaluated for stability in six random environments (3 locations for 2 years) during Rabi- 2004 and Rabi-2005 and these genotypes were also analysed for some quality parameters from the favourable location during Rabi-2005. Analysis of variance revealed presence of significant genetic variability among the genotypes for all the traits. G x E was also significant revealing that the genotypes / selections did not perform equally across random environments and most probably these genotypes have been selected by the farmers for a particular micro-environment. The magnitude of variability for various traits under study was high both in the individual environment as well as the data pooled over environment indicating that the present set of materials should enable their use in future kale breeding programmes. Genotypic coefficient of variation was high for plant height, leaf weight, stem thickness, leaf number, number of pickings, leaf yield, average stalk weight, average midrib weight and blade: midrib ratio; moderate for plant spread, leaf thickness, leaf length, lamina length, leaf size, leaf: stalk ratio and days to first leaf picking while it was low for duration of picking. Heritability was high for leaf number, leaf yield and moderate for plant spread. In the pooled data over environments leaf yield exhibited a positive and significant correlation with number of leaves and blade: midrib ratio, but there existed a positive association with most of the characters like average leaf weight, number of pickings, average stalk weight, average midrib weight, leaf: stalk ratio and duration of picking. Significant negative association was exhibited by plant height, stem thickness, leaf length, leaf breadth and leaf size. The maximum direct contribution to leaf yield came from leaf size, leaf number, leaf weight, number of pickings and days to first leaf picking. Mahalanobis D2 analysis grouped genotypes into four meaningful clusters from pooled analysis over environments. Cluster I grouped 7, cluster II, 19 genotypes, cluster III, 13 and cluster IV was mono-genotypic. Inter cluster distances were maximum in the individual as well as in pooled analysis revealing ample possibility of improving some of the genotypes through hybridization. The maximum contribution towards divergence in pooled analysis came from number of leaves per plant followed leaf weight, stem thickness and days to first leaf picking. Stability analysis of 16 genotypes across six environments (3 locations for 2 years) revealed that the mean square deviation from regression was significant for most of the genotypes for various traits making the prediction of stability precise and reliable. The linear regression was non-significant for various genotypes in most of the yield attributing traits revealing that most of the genotypes were average in stability in respect of different traits. No genotype has shown stable performance in over all yields across environment. However, on the basis of per se performance and stability parameters for most of the economic traits taken together, a number of genotypes can be considered stable on the basis of higher average response for many characters. viz, SH-K-12, SH-K-13, SH-K-2, SH-K-28, SH-K-33, Khanyari and Kawdari and these genotypes would be useful in future breeding programmes. Per se performance of kale genotypes/lines across environments for leaf yield ha-1 revealed that highest leaf yield was exhibited by SH-K-12, SH-K-13, SH-K-2, SH-K-5 and SH-K-1 in comparatively dwarf genotypes, while Khanyari, Kawdari, SH-K-30, SH-K-32 and SH-K-33 in taller genotypes. Quality traits showed considerable variability among the genotypes indicating existence of genetic differences among the genotypes for quality traits. From the present investigation it can be inferred that kale is potentially a good source of nutrition in respect of the quality traits under study and may improve health benefits of those living below the poverty level.
SKUAST Kashmir
 
Date 2016-12-24T11:59:32Z
2016-12-24T11:59:32Z
2006
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/92630
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf