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RESPONSE OF SUMMER MAIZE (Zea mays L.) TO ROW SPACING AND WEED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

KrishiKosh

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Title RESPONSE OF SUMMER MAIZE (Zea mays L.) TO ROW SPACING AND WEED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
 
Creator Kamani, M.D.
 
Contributor Ardeshna, R. B.
 
Subject null
 
Description A field experiment was conducted during summer 2014 at the College Farm, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari to study the response of summer maize (Zea mays L.) to row spacing and weed management practices. The soil of the experimental field was clayey in texture, low in available nitrogen (230 kg/ha), medium in available phosphorus (38 kg/ha) and fairly rich in available potash (379 kg/ha).
Fourteen treatment combinations consisting of two level of row spacing viz., 45 cm (S1) and 60 cm (S2) and seven weed management treatments viz., unweeded control (W1), weed free (W2), atrazine 1.0 kg/ha as (pre-emergence) fb HW & IC at 30 DAS (W3), atrazine 0.5 kg/ha as (pre-emergence) fb 2,4-D (SS) 0.5 kg/ha at 20 DAS (W4), atrazine 0.5 kg/ha as (preemergence) fb metsulfuron-methyl 4 g/ha at 20 DAS (W5), atrazine 0.5 kg + pendimethalin 0.25 kg/ha tank-mix (preemergence) fb 2,4-D (SS) 0.5 kg/ha at 20 DAS (W6) and atrazine 0.5 kg + pendimethalin 0.25 kg/ha tank-mix (pre-emergence) fb
metsulfuron-methyl 4 g/ha (W7) at 20 DAS were evaluated in factorial randomized block design with three replications.
All the growth and yield parameters viz., plant height, number of leaves per plant, dry matter production per plant, number of cobs per plant, cob weight and grain weight per cob were influenced significantly due to row spacing. Significantly higher values of these parameters were recorded under 60 cm (S2) row spacing. However, grain and stalk yield were significantly higher under 45 cm (S1) row spacing. Days to 50 percent tasseling and 100 grain weight of maize were not significantly influenced by row spacing. The lowest population of all weed species and dry weight of weeds were recorded under treatment 45 cm (S1). Protein and carbohydrate content in grain and N, P, and K content in grain, stalk as well as weed were found non-significant. Nitrogen and phosphorus uptake by grain were found to be non-significant. While, potassium uptake was significantly higher under row spacing of 45 cm (S1). N, P and K uptake by weeds were significantly higher when maize was sown at 60 cm (S2) spacing. From economic point of view, the maximum net realization of Rs. 44911/ha and B:C ratio 1:3.66 were accured under spacing 45 cm (S1) as compared to 60 cm (S2) spacing.
Weed management treatments influenced significantly various growth and yield attributing characters viz., plant height, number of leaves per plant, dry matter production per plant, number of cob per plant, cob weight, grain weight per cob and 100 grain weight which caused significant effect on grain and stalk yield of maize. In most of the cases, treatment weed free
b
(W2) was found superior than rest of the treatments, but remained at par with atrazine 1.0 kg/ha as pre-emergence + HW and IC at 30 DAS (W3) and atrazine 0.5 kg + pendimethalin 0.25 kg/ha tank-mix pre-emergence fb 2,4-D (SS) 0.5 kg/ha at 20 DAS (W6). While, days to 50% tasseling was not influenced significantly by weed management practices. The highest grain yield (4118.05 kg/ha) was obtained under treatment of weed free (W2) being at par with treatments atrazine 1.0 kg/ha as preemergence + HW and IC at 30 DAS (W3) (3977.18 kg/ha) and atrazine 0.5 kg + pendimethalin 0.25 kg/ha tank-mix preemergence fb 2,4-D (SS) 0.5 kg/ha at 20 DAS (W6) (3856.29 kg/ha).
Quality parameters and N, P and K content in grain, stalk and weed were not-significantly influenced due to weed management treatments. However, the maximum uptake of nutrients by crop was recorded under treatments weed free (W2) followed by atrazine 1.0 kg/ha as pre-emergence + HW and IC at 30 DAS (W3).
The lowest weed population and dry weight of weed were found under treatment weed free (W2) followed by atrazine 1.0 kg/ha as pre-emergence + HW and IC at 30 DAS (W3) and atrazine 0.5 kg + pendimethalin 0.25 kg/ha tank-mix (preemergence) fb 2,4-D (SS) 0.5 kg/ha at 20 DAS (W6). The maximum Weed control efficiency and lowest weed index were also observed in the same treatments. The highest net realization of Rs. 48631/ha was obtained from weed free (W2) treatment followed by treatments W3 (Rs. 48342/ha) and W6 (Rs. 46559/ha). The highest B:C ratio
c
(1:3.79) was observed in treatment W3 followed by treatment W6 (1:3.72) and W4 (1:3.52). On the basis of the results obtained in this investigation, it is concluded that higher profitable yield of summer maize on vertisols of South Gujarat can be obtained by maintaining row to row spacing of 45 cm and keeping the crop weed free by three hand weeding (20, 40 and 60 DAS) or apply atrazine 1.0 kg/ha as PE fb HW & IC at 30 DAS or atrazine 0.5 kg + pendimethalin 0.25 kg/ha tank-mix PE fb 2,4-D (SS) 0.5 kg/ha at 20 DAS.
d
 
Date 2017-12-05T09:43:24Z
2017-12-05T09:43:24Z
2015-07
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810036946
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher Agronomy Dept., N.M.College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari