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EFFICACY OF FUNGAL ANTAGONISTS AGAINST SOME SOIL-BORNE PATHOGENS

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Title EFFICACY OF FUNGAL ANTAGONISTS AGAINST SOME SOIL-BORNE PATHOGENS
 
Creator PRASAD, UMASHANKAR
 
Contributor Lal, H.C.
 
Subject null
 
Description EFFICACY OF FUNGAL ANTAGONISTS AGAINST SOME SOIL-BORNE PATHOGENS
Tomato, brinjal and chilli are the important vegetable crops grown all
over the world. The crops are affected by a large number of diseases caused by
various microorganisms which cause substantial economic losses in yield.
Seedling diseases also contribute a major share in yield loss. Since, these
diseases are soil borne in nature, they are very difficult to control by chemical
fungicides. These diseases can be effectively managed by either incorporating
organic amendment or by introducing antagonists in the soil through different
delivery systems. But, performance of antagonists varies in changing soil
conditions. Keeping these points in view, the rhizosphere soils of chillies,
brinjal and tomato were processed for isolation and purification of fungal
antagonists and their efficacy and growth promotion potential were also
evaluated so as to fit the local soil conditions. Result clearly revealed that
rhizosphere soils of chilli contained highest cfu of fungal population (27.7x104
g-1 soil). Similarly, in case of bacteria and actinomycetes, the highest cfu were
recorded 29.3x107 and 12.3x103, respectively from chilli rhizosphere. Fungal
antagonists recovered from rhizosphere soils on further examination confirmed
as Trichoderma harzianum. The isolates of T. harzianum were designated as Tc
for chilli, Tb for brinjal and Tt for tomato. Observation in dual culture after 24
hours revealed that T. harzianum (Tc) grew maximum (42.0 mm) followed by
T. harzianum (Tb) (34.0 mm). In antagonism study, T. harzianum (Tc)
parasitized the test fungi earliest. The growth behaviour of Pantnagar isolate of
T .harzianum was at par with Tc. Tolerance study revealed that all the three
antagonists were sensitive to Carbendazim and tolerant to TMTD (Thiram).
Bioassay of fungicides against the test pathogens indicated that Carbendazim
completely inhibited the growth of Fusarium, Pythium and Rhizoctonia sp.
Seed treatment and foliar spray of T. harzianum (Tc) showed minimum
damping-off and wilt incidence in chilli. brinjal and tomato and provided 70-80
per cent control against the diseases. The Pantnagar isolate of T. harzianum was
at par with Tc in disease suppression. But, the commercial formulations like
‘Sparsh’ and ‘Nisarg’ were less effective in providing protection against the
diseases. These antagonists were also evaluated in respect of their growth
promotion parameters like seed germination, root and shoot length and fresh
and dry weight. When the seeds were subjected to seed treatment and seedling
foliar spray in tomato, chilli and brinjal, there was marked increment in
germination, root and shoot length and fresh and dry weight in T. harzianum
(Tc) followed by Pantnagar isolate of T. harzianum.
 
Date 2017-08-02T05:20:59Z
2017-08-02T05:20:59Z
2008
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810027053
 
Language en_US
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand