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Water resource planning of pingalgarh watershed using geospecial techniques

KrishiKosh

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Title Water resource planning of pingalgarh watershed using geospecial techniques
 
Creator Pende, Madan Shridharrao
 
Contributor Bhuibar, B.W.
 
Subject null
 
Description The present research study entitled “ Water resource planning of Pingalgarh watershed using geospatial technique” was conducted in Pingalgarh watershed which is a part of Godawari-Purna catchment lies in Marathwada region of Maharashtra state in India. Pingalgarh watershed lies between 76036' to 77059' E and 19007' to 19017'N with an area of 34413.87 ha falls in assured rainfall region. Pingalgarh stream / nalais the main tributary of Purna river. The Pingalgarh watershed was delineated using SOI toposheets and satellite images with the help of ERDAS IMAGINE software(V 8.5) and the image is exported to ARC GIS for further demarcation of drainage line network and generation of various thematic layers. The Pingalgarh watershed was further divided into 11 sub watersheds. The morphometric characteristics were determined from the satellite delineated image of LISS-IV of 25th March 2016 and 20th November 2016 using GIS tool.
Morphological analysis of the watershed indicate that the drainage pattern of the watershed ranges from dendritic to sub-dentritic at higher elevations and parallel to sub parallel in the lower elevations. Lower value of bifurcation ratio indicates that the watershed is of elongated typewith the extended peak flow in the watershed. Similarly, the low value of the stream frequency reflects that the watershed is permeable with good vegetative cover and moderate infiltration capacity. Lower value of drainage density indicates that the watershed area is composed of medium permeable material in the sub surface with good vegetation. Less drainage density indicates that the watershed is responding to extended peak flow and moderate runoff with less structural disturbance. The moderate value of elongation ratio indicate the moderate relief with moderate ground slope. Less circularity ration also indicate the variable topography of the watershed. The Pingalgarh watershed displays the ruggedness number as 0.1717 indicating the low stream density and slightly rugged with low relief. Geomorphological study reflects that major area of the watershed falls under shallow to deep pediplain.
Various thematic layers/ maps viz; land use, land capability, hydrological soil group, land slope, soil depth and soil texture were generated using high resolution satellite data of Resource SAT-2. Land use pattern indicate that majority of the area 29482.29 ha (85.68 per cent) is under crop land and 4.04 per cent area in under fallow land. Majority of the area falls under 0 to 1 per cent and 1 to 3 percent slope except steep slope in some area at upper catchment. Similarly at confluence point, the slope ranges from 5 to 8 per cent. The majority of the land falls under HSG-IV group.
Based on the derived thematic maps of land use, hydrological soil group and land capability class, curve numbers for respective area of the sub watershed were determined. Based on the last 30 years rainfall records, the runoff potential for the normal rainfall year was estimated for watershed area.
The aquifer transmissivity varies from 318.58 to 801.12 m2/day and the specific yield ranges from 0.0101 to 0.0238 in the watershed. Using these point estimates of specific yield and transmissivity, a raster map was prepared. Groundwater recharge was computed by Water Table Fluctuation Method. The minimum computed ground water recharge of 6.24 cm/year and the maximum of 37.96 cm /year was found in Pingalgarh watershed. The average value of groundwater recharge for the study area is found to be 18.75 cm/year. These point estimates of groundwater recharge were used for generation of groundwater recharge map showing the distribution pattern of ground water recharge in Pingalgarh watershed.
To study the groundwater quality in Pingalgarh watershed , the various parameters, viz., pH, Ec, TDS, Ca, Mg, Na, K, CO3, HCO3, SO4, Cl, Fluoride and nitrate were determined. The distribution of concentrations of various parameters of ground water quality aspects are represented by generation of maps using Arc GIS software. The suitability of groundwater for irrigation and drinking was evaluated. Hydro-geochemical studies of the Pingalgarh watershed indicate that the most of the ground water is suitable for drinking as well as for irrigation, however, in some part of the watershed due to stagnation of domestic waste water, the groundwater is found to be contaminated particularly in the area of Raipur, Balsa villages and in VNMKV campus nearer to Parbhani city.
The ground water potential zones were identified in Pingalgarh watershed based on the well yield values and integrating the thematic layers of geomorphology and lineaments by UNION tool in Arc tools of GIS software. Water budgeting of Pingalgarh watershed was made considering the water requirement of crop, population and plantation. The water deficit / surplus in each sub watershed was estimated considering the water availability and water demand. Using different thematic layers, the suitable sites / location for construction of water harvesting structures were identified for present situation. Further, projected demand of water by 2040 including crop water requirement and water requirement of population were estimated. Based on these data sets, the projected water deficit/surplus for each sub watersheds considering various cases were estimated and accordingly the future suitable sites/ locations for construction of further water harvesting structures were identified. Furthermore, a soil conservation plan is also suggested for protection of water harvesting structures from further silting. The findings of the present research work will be usefull for the planners to implement the watershed development activities in Pingalgarh watershed for executing water resource plan to assure and enhance the surface and ground water availability for boosting the crop productivity in the entire Pingalharh watershed area.
 
Date 2017-12-08T11:26:43Z
2017-12-08T11:26:43Z
2017-11-30
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810037308
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani