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INHERITANCE OF OIL AND YIELD TRAITS IN MAIZE (Zea mays L.)

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Title INHERITANCE OF OIL AND YIELD TRAITS IN MAIZE (Zea mays L.)
 
Creator Langade Dhairyashil Madhukar
 
Contributor Prof. J. P. Shahi
 
Subject Maiza, molecular diversity through SSR markers, generation mean analysis, combining ability, heterosis, oil and yield traits
 
Description Ph. D.
Present investigation was carried out at Agricultural Research Farm, BHU during kharif 2011, rabi 2011-12 and kharif 2012 with the objectives to validate parental line for oil content QTLs and molecular diversity through SSR markers, to characterize the nature and magnitude of genetic variances and gene effects, to study combining ability and heterosis for oil and yield traits and xenia effect for oil, protein and starch content. The parental materials consisted of ten diverse inbred lines belonging to three groups namely, high oil (HIGH OIL, DMHOC-09, DMHOC-15), intermediate oil (HUZQPM-01, HUZQPM-03, HUZQPM-05, HUZQPM-06) and low oil (HUZM-53, HUZM-265, HUZM-478) classified on the basis of yield, yield traits along with oil content. These parents were validated for presence of QTLs linked to oil content and molecular diversity determined through SSR markers. Parents were mated in diallel fashion (including reciprocals) to obtain 90 F1’s and subsequently in such season along with 6 F1’s (HIGH OIL × HUZM-53, HIGH OIL × HUZM-265, HIGH OIL × HUZQPM-01, HIGH OIL × HUZQPM-05, HIGH OIL × DMHOC-09, and HIGH OIL × DMHOC-15) used to generate back crosses and F2’s. These materials were evaluated in completely randomized block design with three replications in two separate experiments. The standard heterosis was estimated over checks BIO-9681 and HQPM-1. Also the 10 parental inbreds were pollinated by high oil pollen, medium oil pollen, low oil pollen and self-pollination as control for estimating the xenia effect. Data were recorded for 15 traits, namely, days to 50% tasseling, days to 50% silking, plant height, ear height, ear length, ear diameter, number of kernels per row, number of kernel rows per ear, test weight, yield per plant, yield per plot, oil content, protein content, starch content and sugar content. Recommended agronomic packages of practices were followed to have a
good crop.
Molecular diversity analysis revealed presence of large genetic diversity among the parents. Validation of parental polymorphism with reported markers associated to the oil content QTLs through flanking SSR markers. Component analyses of diallel indicated that all the quality traits (Oil, protein, starch and Sugar) were mostly controlled by 1 to 3 gene(s) whereas yield and yield traits were mostly controlled by 2 to 4 gene(s). High narrow sense heritability with high additive gene effect suggest that success in selecting and fixing desirable lines with oil content in early segregating generations can be easily achieved. However, additive and dominance gene effect was equally important for yield traits therefore, hybrid breeding will be the right choice for such traits. Also the inbreds for oil content along with yield can be achieved by exercising early selection for oil content and delayed selection for yield traits in their segregation generations. Two line, namely, HUZM-53 and HIGH OIL inbred were best general combiner along with better per se performance for yield per plant and oil content, respectively. Hence these inbreds could be exploited in breeding programme for their respective traits. The hybrids HUZM-53 × HUZM-265, HUZM-265 × HUZM-478 and HUZM-478 × HUZM-53 for yield and HUZM-53 × HIGH OIL, HUZM-478 × HIGH OIL and HUZM-265 × HIGH OIL for oil content along with yield may be used for commercial exploitation after multi location testing. Xenia effect was found for oil, protein and starch content. The larger the genetic distance between pollinator and inbred greater xenia effect will be obtained.
 
Date 2016-10-04T18:08:11Z
2016-10-04T18:08:11Z
2015
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/79931
 
Language en
 
Relation P0117;
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University