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Stability, Inheritance and Mechanisms of Resistance to Helicoverpa armigera (Hub.) in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum Linn.)"

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Title Stability, Inheritance and Mechanisms of Resistance to Helicoverpa armigera (Hub.) in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum Linn.)"
 
Creator SREE LATHA, E
 
Contributor GOUR, T.B
 
Subject null
 
Description The present investigation "Stability, Inheritance and Mechanisms of
Resistance to Helicoverpa armigera (Hub.) in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum Linn.)"
was taken under laboratory, glasshouse and field conditions at ICRISAT, International
Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru during 2000-2002.
Advanced breeding lines (10) from earlier breeding program at ICRISAT and
germplasm accessions (28) of chickpea were evaluated for stability of resistance to H
armigera under natural infestation. Stability of resistance to H armigera was measured
by regression analysis of the data for pod damage and grain yield. Amongst the
breeding lines, resistant check ICC 12475 suffered 5% pod damage and showed a stable
reaction to H armigera damage followed by ICCV 96752, !CCL 87316, and ICCL
87317 (7 to 9% pod damage). ICCV 95992 was moderately susceptible (10% damage)
but was highly stable. ICCL 87220 also showed high stability across seasons while
!CCL 87211, !CCV 93122 and !CCL 86102 were unsta.Jle in their reaction to H
armigera.
,
Amongst the gennplasm lines, least damage was recorded in resistant check ICC
12475 followed by ICC 12478, ICC 12479 and ICC 14876 and all were stable in their
reaction to H armigera. ICC 12495 and ICC 12488 were U.'1stable in their reaction to
pod borer damage. ICC 4918 and ICC 4958 were susceptible to.H armigera damage.
ICC 12490 showed high stability across seasons.
Four diallel trials (45 Fis+ 10 parents of 10 x 10 desi and 28 Fis+ 8 parents of
8 x 8 kabuli chickpea) and (45 F2 s + 10 parents of 10 x 10 desi and 28 F2 s + 8 parents
of 8 x 8 kabuli chickpea) were conducted to know the gene action for H armigera
resistance. For pod borer resistance GCA (general combining ability) variance Wei$
significant in desi chickpea and additive genetic effects ( cr2 A) were greater than nonadditive
effects (cr2D) indicating the importance of additive gene action. But on the
other hand preponderance of SCA (specific combining ability) for pod borer resistance
in the kabuli chickpea indicates that non-additive genetic variation may be important in
some sources ofresistance.
The importance of GCA in predicting the perfonnance of crosses has been
revealed by the general predictability ratio (GPR). GPR was near to unity for pod borer
resistance in desi and comparatively less in kabuli chickpea suggesting the importance
of GCA in predicting the performance of single cross progenies in desi chickpea Rank
correlation indicated selection of Fis on the basis of their performance was equally
effective as on the basis of their SCA values but for F2s there were differences. High
rank correlations for parents (GCA vs. per se performance) indicated effective selection
was possible for parents based on their performance.
Mechanisms of resistance (Antibiosis, Antixenosis for oviposition and
tolerance) to H armigera in ten desi and eight kabuli chic~cpea genotypes were studied
under laboratory, glass house and f.ield conditions. Reduced larval and pupal weights,
and prolonged larval and pupal periods on leaves, pods, anificial diet impregnated with
lyophilized leaves and pods of resistant genotypes (ICC 12475, ICC 12476, ICC 12477,
ICC 12478, ICC 12479, ICC 14876, ICC 12490, ICC 12491 and ICC 12495) compared
to susceptible genotypes (ICC 12426, ICC 3137, ICC 4973 and ICC 4962) indicated
that antibiosis is one of the components of resistance to H armigera in chickpea.
Greater feeding in washed leaves compared to unwashed leaves in ICC 12475,
ICC 12478, ICC 12479, ICC 14876, ICC 12495 and ICC 12494 suggested that watersoluble
compounds in the leaf exudates (malic and oxalic acid) were primarily
responsible for the resistance of the genotypes to H armigera. Amounts of leaf
exudates in susceptible genotypes (ICC 12426, ICC 3137, ICC 12968, ICC 4962 and
ICC 4918) were quite low.
Oviposition studies under no choice, dual choice and multi choice laboratory
and multichoice field conditions revealed that desi types (ICC 12475, ICC 12476, ICC
12477, ICC 12478, ICC 12479, ICC 12490 and ICC 14876) were not preferred for
oviposition compared to kabuli type genotypes (ICC 12491, ICC 12493, ICC 12494,
ICC 12495, ICC 12968, ICG 4973 and ICC 4962).
The loss in yield due to H armigera damage in 18 chickpea genotypes Wlder
protected and unprotected field conditions indicated presence of tolerance mechanism in
chickpea genotypes. Reduction in grain yield was lowest in resistant check ICC 12475,
ICC 4918, ICC 12490, ICC 12493 and ICC 12476 indicating tolerance to pod borer
damage in these genotypes. The resistant lines can be used in further breeding programs
and the mechanisms responsible for the resistance can be exploited to develop resistant
varieties.
 
Date 2017-03-17T10:18:56Z
2017-03-17T10:18:56Z
2003
 
Type Thesis
 
Identifier http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810005310
 
Language en
 
Format application/pdf
 
Publisher ANDHRA PRADESH AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD