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Advances in Food Legumes Research at ICRISAT

OAR@ICRISAT

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Relation http://oar.icrisat.org/11055/
 
Title Advances in Food Legumes Research at ICRISAT
 
Creator Gaur, P M
Varshney, R K
Upadhyaya, H D
Vadez, V
Sharma, K K
Bhatnagar-Mathur, P
Sameer Kumar, C V
Janila, P
Srinivasan, S
Sajja, S
Sharma, S
Thudi, M
Roorkiwal, M
Saxena, R K
Pandey, M K
Ranga Rao, G V
Sharma, M
Sudini, H
Gopalakrishnan, S
Ganga Rao, N V P R
Fikre, A
Ojiewo, C O
Shewayrga, H
Motagi, B N
Okori, P
 
Subject Plant Breeding
Biofortification
Agricultural Research
Chickpea
Pigeonpea
Groundnut
Food Legumes
Genetics and Genomics
Plant Physiology
Legume Crops
 
Description The mandate grain legumes of ICRISAT include chickpea, pigeonpea and groundnut
which are important crops of Asia and Africa. The grain legumes improvement
program of ICRISAT has access to the largest collection of germplasm of these crops
(20,602 accessions of chickpea, 13,771 accessions of pigeonpea, and 15,446
accessions of groundnut) available in ICRISAT genebank, state-of-the art genomics
lab, Platform for Translational Research on Transgenic Crops (PTTC), precision
phenotyping facilities for abiotic and biotic stresses, controlled environment
facilities and a global network of research partners. The major objectives of grain
legumes improvement include high yield, early maturity, resistance/tolerance to key
abiotic and biotic stresses, and market preferred grain traits (size, shape and color).
The crop-specific breeding objectives include suitability to machine harvesting and
herbicide tolerance in chickpea, development of hybrids in pigeonpea, and enhanced
oil yield and quality (high oleic content) and tolerance to aflatoxin contamination in
groundnut. The crop breeding programs have been making extensive use of the
germplasm, including wild species. The advances in genomics include availability of
draft genome sequences, large number of molecular markers, high density genetic
maps, transcriptomic resources, physical maps and molecular markers linked to
genes/quantitative trait loci for key traits. There are successful examples of
introgression of traits through marker-assisted backcrossing in chickpea and
groundnut. Transgenics events are available for pod borer resistance in chickpea
and pigeonpea and drought tolerance in groundnut. Advances have also been made
in use of secondary metabolites for promotion of plant growth, control of insect pests
and plant pathogens, and biofortification. The breeding materials and germplasm
supplied by ICRISAT have led to release of 160 varieties of chickpea in 26 countries,
91 varieties/hybrids of pigeonpea in 19 countries and 190 varieties of groundnut in
38 countries. Many of these varieties have been adopted widely by farmers and
benefitted them in sustainably improving their livilihoods.
 
Date 2018
 
Type Article
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Language en
 
Rights —
 
Identifier http://oar.icrisat.org/11055/1/11-57.pdf
Gaur, P M and Varshney, R K and Upadhyaya, H D and Vadez, V and Sharma, K K and Bhatnagar-Mathur, P and Sameer Kumar, C V and Janila, P and Srinivasan, S and Sajja, S and Sharma, S and Thudi, M and Roorkiwal, M and Saxena, R K and Pandey, M K and Ranga Rao, G V and Sharma, M and Sudini, H and Gopalakrishnan, S and Ganga Rao, N V P R and Fikre, A and Ojiewo, C O and Shewayrga, H and Motagi, B N and Okori, P (2018) Advances in Food Legumes Research at ICRISAT. Ethiopian Journal of Crop Science, 6 (3). pp. 1-47. ISSN 2072-8506