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An Insight into Phage Diversity at Environmental Habitats using Comparative Metagenomics Approach

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Title An Insight into Phage Diversity at Environmental Habitats using Comparative Metagenomics Approach
 
Creator Parmar, Krupa
Dafale, Nishant
Pal, Rajesh
Tikariha, Hitesh
Purohit, H. J.
 
Subject Biochemistry
Microbiology
 
Description Bacteriophages play significant role in driving
microbial diversity; however, little is known about the
diversity of phages in different ecosystems. A dynamic
predator–prey mechanism called ‘‘kill the winner’’ suggests
the elimination of most active bacterial populations
through phages. Thus, interaction between phage and host
has an effect on the composition of microbial communities
in ecosystems. In this study, secondary phage metagenome
data from aquatic habitats: wastewater treatment plant
(WWTP), fresh, marine, and hot water spring habitat were
analyzed using MG-RAST and STAMP tools to explore the
diversity of the viruses. Differential relative abundance of
phage families—Siphoviridae (34%) and Myoviridae
(26%) in WWTP, Myoviridae (30%) and Podoviridae
(23%) in fresh water, and Myoviridae (41%) and
Podoviridae (8%) in marine—was found to be a discriminating
factor among four habitats while Rudiviridae (9%),
Globuloviridae (8%), and Lipothrixviridae (1%) were
exclusively observed in hot water spring. Subsequently, at
genera level, Bpp-1-like virus, Chlorovirus, and T4-like
virus were found abundant in WWTP, fresh, and marine
habitat, respectively. PCA analysis revealed completely
disparate composition of phage in hot water spring from
other three ecosystems. Similar analysis of relative abundance
of functional features corroborated observations
from taxa analysis. Functional features corresponding to
phage packaging machinery, replication, integration and
excision, and gene transfer discriminated among four
habitats. The comparative metagenomics approach exhibited
genetically distinct phage communities among four
habitats. Results revealed that selective distribution of
phage communities would help in understanding the role of
phages in food chains, nutrient cycling, and microbial
ecology. Study of specific phages would also help in controlling
environmental pathogens including MDR bacterial
populations using phage therapy approach by selective
mining and isolation of phages against specific pathogens
persisting in a given environment.
 
Publisher Springer
 
Date 2018
 
Type Article
PeerReviewed
 
Format application/pdf
 
Identifier http://neeri.csircentral.net/1161/1/10.1007%252Fs00284-017-1357-0.pdf
Parmar, Krupa and Dafale, Nishant and Pal, Rajesh and Tikariha, Hitesh and Purohit, H. J. (2018) An Insight into Phage Diversity at Environmental Habitats using Comparative Metagenomics Approach. Current Microbiology, 75 (2). pp. 132-141. ISSN 0343-8651, ESSN: 1432-0991
 
Relation https://link.springer.com/journal/284
http://neeri.csircentral.net/1161/